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Zak, PCM 4 > Management of the Neonate > Flashcards

Management of the Neonate Flashcards

1
Q

What are the “normal” vitals for neonates

A 
Temp = 97.7-99.5
RR = 40-60 bpm
HR = 120-160 bpm (80 if sleeping)
BP = ~70/43
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2
Q

What co-factor should be given to a neonate d/t immaturity of their liver

A

Vitamin K

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3
Q

If there is concern a pt may have gonorrhea, what should be given to the neonate

A

Erythromycin

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4
Q

How often should feedings be given and what is the normal weight gain for a newborn

A

Feedings q 2-3 hrs

Gain 15-30 grams/day

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5
Q

How low can a neonates glucose level go

A

40

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6
Q

What is the most common cause of a pneumothorax in a neonate

A

Spontaneous or d/t PPV during resuscitation

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7
Q

Def: Acryocyanosis

A

Blue discoloration of perioral area, feet, and hands w/in first 24 hrs (may be seen during feeding/suckling)

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8
Q

Def: Central cyanosis

A

Bluish discoloration of tongue/mucus membranes (if persists > 10 minutes, very concerning)

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9
Q

What should be considered if a baby is purple/ruddy

A

Polycythemia

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10
Q

What are the names for Nevus Flammeous lesions

A

Salmon patches
Angles kisses
Stork bites

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11
Q

Which blanches, bruises or cyanosis

A

Bruises

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12
Q

What is a gray color to the baby associated w/

A

Severe acidosis and shock

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13
Q

What is the palpebral fissure angle associated w/ if it is upward or downard

A 
Upward = Trisomy 21
Downward = Treacher-collins, FAS, DiGeorge
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14
Q

What is Hypertelorism (wide spacing eyes) associated w/

A

Trisomy 13

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15
Q

When should disconjugate gaze be gone

A

4 months

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16
Q

what associations are made with a small nose, low nasal bridge, and nasal obstruction

A

Small nose = FAS
Low nasal bridge = Achondroplasia
Nasal obstruction = Choanal Atresia (CHARGE syndrome - may cause baby to become cyanotic when not crying)

17
Q

What is a micrognathia mouth associated w/

A

Pierre-Robin sequence

18
Q

Def: Epstein Pearls

A

Epithelial cysts or collagen balls w/in the mouth that look like teeth and resolve on their own

19
Q

What associations are made w/ excess skin at the base of the neck and along the posterolateral line

A

Base of neck = Trisomy 21

Posterolateral line = Turner syndrome

20
Q

Palpable LNs in the __________ are NEVER normal

A

Supraclavicular area

21
Q

Which heart sound is normally split and where is it best heard

A

S2

Upper left sternal border

22
Q

The disappearance of a murmur in a clinically deteriorating infant is indicative of a…

A

Coarctation of the aorta
Tricuspid atresia
Pulmonary atresia

23
Q

How should the infant be placed for the best ab exam

A

Supine w/ legs flexed and infant sucking

24
Q

Def: Cephalohematoma

A

DO NOT cross suture lines
Will enlarge
Resolve in wks - months

25
Q

Def: Caput Succedaneum

A

DO cross suture lines
Boggy area of edema/bruising
Present at birth and doesn’t enlarge
Resolves in days

26
Q

Def: Subgaleal Hemorrhage

A

DO cross suture lines
Enlarges after birth
Has “fluid wave”
MOST DANGEROUS

27
Q

What is the most common cause of an abnormal back curve in a newborn

A

Dysraphic state (defective fusion)

28
Q

What 4 things should you look for on the back of a newborn

A

Tuft of hair
Dimples separate from gluteal crease
Skin tags/pits
Aplasia cutis

29
Q

Def: Erbs Palsy

A

C4, 5, 6, 7
Arm extended and IR
Waiter’s tip position of hand
Palmer grasp

30
Q

Def: Barlow/Ortolani test

A

Tests for developmental hip dysplasia
Barlow = dislocation
Ortolani = reduction

31
Q

What 3 things are associated with developmental hip dysplasia

A

Female sex
CNS abnormalities
Breech presentation

32
Q

By what month should cryptorchid testes resolve? If they don’t resolve, what is the next step

A

3 months

Need surgery consult if not descended by 9-12 months

33
Q

Def: Erythema Toxicum Neonatrum

A

“Flea-Bite syndrome”

Benign rash that appears on 2nd/3rd day of life and spares the palms and soles

34
Q

Def: Miliaria Rubra

A

1-2mm whitish papules most often on the face and neck/shoulders
Associated w/ overheated room

35
Q

Def: Milia

A

White, firm papules on face and bridge of nose that resolve spontaneously after a few months

36
Q

Def: Dermal Melanosis

A

“Slate Gray spots”
Benign lesions on lower back/buttocks that resolve over several years
*More common in AA
*Need to be documented

Zak, PCM 4 (7 decks)

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