March 12 Exam - set 1 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in March 12 Exam - set 1 Deck (31)
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1
Q

Raloxifene (type)

A

SERM

2
Q

Calcitonin analogs (MOA)

A

decreased osteoclast activity;

blocks renal reabsorption of PO4 and Ca2+

3
Q

Cinacalet

A

Calcium receptor potentiator

Binds to Ca-sensing region of CaR to inhibit PTH release
–allosteric modulator .. in presence of Ca2+, it makes it more effective at stimulating receptor

4
Q

Vitamin D MOA

A

inc Ca2+ and PO4 abs from gut and reads from renal tubules

5
Q

Bisphosponates MOA

A

inhibit bone reabsorption

  1. reduce formation and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals
  2. inhibit farnesyl-PP synthesis of osteoclasts
6
Q

Suffix of bisphosphonates

A

-dronate

7
Q

Teriparatide

A

PTH analog (aa 1-34)

8
Q

Prolia (Denosumab)

A

Humanized monoclonal AB against RANKL .. binds RANKL to prevent activation of RANK and therefore prevent differentiation of osteoclasts

9
Q

What is difference about atypical vs typical antipsychotics?

A
  1. Better affinity at D2 receptors
  2. Addition of activity at 5HT2A and others
  3. Better control over negative and cognitive sx (positive already controlled by typicals)
  4. Fewer EPS
10
Q

Key feature of antipsychotics

A

block of D2 receptors

11
Q

Dopamine pathways

A

Mesocortical/mesolimbic
-therapeutic and cognitive activities of D2 antagonists

Nigrostriatal (basal ganglia)

  • motor control
  • EPS sx arise here
12
Q

First gen antipsychotics

A

Penothizaines

Haloperidol

13
Q

2nd gen antipsychotic

–whats diff about it?

A

Clozapine

–acquisition of 5HT2A pharmacology

14
Q

Aripirazole

A

D2 partial agonist

15
Q

Classic early and atypical antipsychotics

A

Chlorpromazine
Haloperidol
Thioridazine
Sulpiride

16
Q

Atypical antipsychotics

A

These have acquired 5HT pharm

Clozapine
Risperidone
Olazapine
Ziprasidone
Quetiapine
Aripiprazole
17
Q

What are the SSRIs?

A
Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
Fluvoxamine
Sertraline
Escitalopram

(note: -oxeltines inhibit P450s)

18
Q

What are the SNRIs?

A

Duloxetine
Venlafaxine
Desvenlafaxine

19
Q

Which class do TCAs fall under?

A

SNRIs

20
Q

What are the TCAs?

A
Imipramine
Amitriptyline
Nortriptyline
Clomipramine
Desipramine
21
Q

Imipramine

A

highly anticholinergic

22
Q

Amitriptyline

A

activity at many other receptors

sedating

23
Q

Nortriptyline

A

secondary amine

24
Q

desipramine

A

metabolite of imipramine

secondary amine

25
Q

Why does it matter if something is secondary vs tertiary amine WRT TCAs?

A

tertiary amines give rise to secondary metabolites, so administering a tertiary amine means you have a secondary on board as well

26
Q

Trazidone

A

5HT2 antagonist

Also 5HT1 partial agonist
weak reuptake blockade

27
Q

Bupropion (type and MOA)

A

Unicyclic

DAT, NET, nAChR block

28
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Tetracyclic

mixed block at 5HT, alpha AR, histamine, mACh, DAT, NET, SERT

29
Q

What are some MAOIs?

A

Selegiline - MAOB selective

Tranylcypromine - nonselective

Phenelzine - nonselective

All are irreversible

30
Q

What is the difference b/t MAO-A and MOA-B?

A

MAO-A: found in monoamine expressing neurons in the CNS

MAO-B: found in DA neurons and in cells that need to break down phenylethylamine

31
Q

Possible MOAs of lithium

A

Inositol depletion
–inositol may be increased during manic phases

Inhibition of GSK-3
–GSK3 is a multifxnal kinase in the brain and elsewhere