Marsupials Flashcards

Question

What are some characteristics of Dibbler? Parantechinus apicalis

Answer 1

western australian 40-125g habitiat - heath - shrubland thought to be extinct and rediscovered in 1967 at cheynes beach * Exhibit male die-off in island populations but not in mainland populations

Answer 2

~ 14–50 g * Habitat: Rocky Deserts: low open woodlands, tree and shrub steppes, rocky habitat, scree slopes, red sand plains(termite mounds) and sandstone outcrops BECAUSE Both males and females often survive to breed more than once and for up to 4 years Have fat tails - in which they can store

Answer 3

Have fat tails - in which they can store

Answer 4

~ 60–185 g Habitat: Arid spinifex grasslands, sand plains, rocky desert (gibber) plains and dune fields Diet: Opportunistic and generalist carnivores - consume a range of vertebrates and invertebrates. * Tail – fat stores during food abundance * Basking observed – help temperature regulation

Answer 5

do not drink water. They have a key adaptation that their kidneys excrete concentrated urine - aero environment and don't drink water

Answer 6

70–175 g * Habitat: Rocky desert (gibber) plains between braided river channels and sand dunes where there is less than 25% cover of shrubs * Opportunistic predators of both vertebrates and invertebrates * Regularly eat long-haired rats and house mice * Populations declining * Once it disappears from a site, it struggles to return

Answer 7

~ 8–70 g (most < 20g) * Habitat: Predominantly arid/semi-arid habitats * rocky desert (gibber) plains, tussock, spinifex and shrub- dominated plains and sand dunes * tropical savanna, grassland, temperate woodland and open forest * two species are found in or near rainforest, closed forest communities * Ground dwelling * Shortest known marsupial gestation frequent torpor- prey unpredictability * Will tear the heads off mice and other rodents if caught in pitfall traps with them tail fat stores and torpor-prey unpredictability

Answer 8

dunnarts of 10.7 ± 0.7 days in the Striped faced dunnart (Sminthopsis macroura) * Many have tail fat stores,

Answer 9

2.5–17.2 g * Habitat: Rainforests, savannas and grasslands to weed infested urban areas. Commonly found on cracking clays on floodplains, grassy areas and interdunes and blacksoil plains * Ground dwelling * Regularly enter torpor – to conserving energy Diet: mostly invertebrate prey that may be larger than they are. * Upon catching an insect, planigales will hang on and will not let go of the fleeing prey. * Will also occasionally eat small lizards and mammals remorselessly attacking the head until the animal is killed or disabled

Answer 10

Long-tailedplanigale habitat is in soil creaks in seasonally flooded grasslands in NW QLD

Answer 11

~ 3.5–14.0 g * Habitat: Desert habitat, spinifex hummock grasslands, low shrublands, woodlands, scrub, heathlands * Ground-dwelling * Ningaui short-lived, both sexes usually breed in one season, live 1 year

Answer 12

~ 20–30 g * Long hind legs and tail, galloping gait = very agile * Habitat: Arid and semi-arid grassland, shrubland * Desert plains, stony and sandy areas where small bushes and grasses predominate, scrub land, clay pans

Answer 13

specialised to eat termites - teeth and long stick tongues ingest - dirt, creating an evolution in the digestion system - became a requirement for a proper digestion. active morning and late afternoon - sleep during the day. Habitat: Australian grassy woodland- Dryandra NP * Burrows under logs

Answer 14

Thylacine = Extinct * Bounty based persecution * Last one (female) snared in 1933 by timber cutter Elias Churchill and sold to Hobart Zoo - Died September 1936 of neglect * Legally protected July 1936 * Rarely bred in captivity (but not never) * Ferocious killer? mislable - savenager * Still alive? no.

Answer 15

Bandicoots Dig for soil arthropods, tubers- conical holes * Galloping gait * Habitats: heaths, woodlands, rainforests * Prefer habitats with dense vegetation to shelter during the day, and open areas to forage for food at night Sleep in camouflaged nests

Answer 16

Opportunistic omnivores: insects, insect larvae, lizards, mice and snails, fungi, grass seeds, berries and fruit. * Sensitive noses to smell out food. Use their long, curved toes to dig out the underground food * Critical in dispersing fungi spores

Answer 17

* Fast breeding, 12.5 day gestation * Multiple litters per year

Answer 18

Short nosed bandicoots Long nosed bandicoots

Answer 19

Habitat: grasslands, stony downs country, and desert sandplains and dunefields. * Deep burrow (up to 3m long) * Threats- foxes, cats, pastoralism * Eats tubers, seeds and insects. * Extinct lesser bilby M leucura was more carnivorous

Answer 20

burrows are ecological importance to other species - allo other species to use as shleters

Answer 21

Southern and northern species No eyes or external ears * keen sense of smell and acute hearing tuned to low- frequency sounds * Eat only ant pupae and beetle larvae

Answer 22

Fused neck vertebrae provide bull dozer-like rigidity * Bony armor protects the marsupial mole’s snout as it plows through coarse sand * Lobster-like claws on the forelimbs enable the animal to swipe through even densely-packed sediment, as hind-limbs kick sand and soil backward. Extreme adaptation of the humerus to rotation for digging, like these other mammals with similar lifestyles

Answer 23

Monotreme, marsupials and eutherians have a common ancestor, monotreme diverged first and then marsupials diverged second, lastly eutherian

Answer 24

well or good True

Answer 25

1. one pair of lower incisors 2. syndactyly: second and third digits of the foot fused up to claws (only australian marsupials)

Answer 26

Koala Diprotodonts

Answer 27

1. Petauridae - yellow-bellied glider, sugar glider 2. Tarsipedidae - honey possum 3. Acrobatidae - feathertail gliders 4. Burramyidae - pygmy possums 5. phalangeridae - brushtail possum, bobuck, cuscuses 6. Pseudocheiridae - ringtail possums Diprotodonts

Answer 28

1. macropodidae - kangaroos 2. potoroidae - potoroos Diprotodonts

Answer 29

1. Phascolarctidae - koalas 2. vombatidae - wombats Diprotodonts

Answer 30

largely feed solitarily or in unstable (fission fusion - splitting and joining) groups - kangaroo mobs, not territorial

Answer 31

yellow bellied glider burrowing bettong brush-tailed rock tree Kangaroos Resource availability - defending because there is a resource there 0 worth defending that particular thing example a tree with fruit

Answer 32

Long nosed potoroo Allied rock wallaby rock ringtail possum 5% of mammals

Answer 33

forward - kangaroos and possums (macropods) backward - koalas and wombats

Answer 34

Young follow - kangaroo rides on back - koalas and some possums some are let in a nest, shelter, hollow, tree or burrow-wombats, potoroids, some macropods, some possums

Answer 35

leaves and fruit - possums, cuscuses, tree kangaroos herbs - smaller macropods Leaves - koala, ringtail possum, great glider, swap wallaby Grass - kangaroo and wombats impacts their diet as some foods provide a certain amount of nutrients. low energy food source - slow release of nutrients

Answer 36

fungi, roots, seeds - bettongs, potoroos Sap + insects - gliders Fruit and insects - musky rat kangaroo, striped possum seeds + insects - mountain pygmy possum Nectar + insects - pygmy possums, honey possums, gliders

Answer 37

Larger kangaroos red (rufus) , eastern grey (giganteus) and western grey kangaroo (fuliginosus) middle size wallabies tree kangaroos petrogale - rock wallabies lagostrophus and lagorchestes - hare wallabies nailtail wallabies

Answer 38

quokka and swap wallaby (east coast)

Answer 39

eastern australian rock habitat NSW and QLD Their feet/pads are designed for the rocky habitat

Answer 40

2 species Lumhotz tree Dendrolagus bennettii D. lumholtzi

Answer 41

related to macropods Rufous bettong- northern QLD, they need ecotone - in-between wet and dry (need land management bettong - founds on islands Potorous - potoroos Musky rat kangaroo dinural - eats fruits and seeds declining habitats due to loss of land management, and predators such as invasive foxes less places to hide, fires and grazing are associated to this.

Answer 42

1. powerful hind limbs, long hind feet, 4th toe longest and strongest 2. tail for balance 3. elastic strain energy in tendons reduces expenditure at speed 4. best savings for large species visceral piston helps to ventilate each hop Means using 5 appendages - exerting the diaphragm

Answer 43

more than one younge in the pouch - feeding two youngest different milk compositions at the same time. embryonic diapause - suspend animation until there are enough nutrients successive siblings overlappings - continuous breeding

Answer 44

Kangaroos eat grass- hard to digest mutualistic relationship with the gut bacteria - need large enough space to do that (larger size animal - fermentation Vat. Foregut fermenters -

Answer 45

Koala and wombats

Answer 46

The koala, weighs 4-15kg limited in NSW and QLD Habitat loss and suffer from chlamydia one young per year, wean at 12 months live 18 years territorial opposable thumb - climb effectively quality of tree - soil changes this Food is low nutrition and slow growings

Answer 47

yes only in NSW and QLD

Answer 48

very low energy diet with toxins in leaves Eat eucalyptus species including swap, manna, blue, red, tallowwood, grey gum very large caecum for digesting low nutritious leaves THEY DRINK WATER - in very hot conditions

Answer 49

common bare-nosed wombat 22-39 kg single young - weaned at 18 months dig burrows

Answer 50

eats sedges, rushes, roots of shrubs and trees - abrasive diet and continually growing teeth - crushing of food, grinding of food

Answer 51

southern hairy nosed wombat (lasiorhinus latifons) Northern hairy nosed wombat (largest burrows) lasiorhinus krefftii (endangered)

Answer 52

ringtail possum - prehensile tail used for collecting foliage to make a nest (drey) - folivorous - leaf eating eastern ringtail - fine western ringtail is rare and threatened species as they have a specialist diet called peppermint gum

Answer 53

vulnerable to road kill - ophans often raised by wildlife carers survival of hand-raised ringtails very low - mostly killed by foxes and cats high predation of wild invividuals Mange to persist through high productive out - 2 yonge per brood.

Answer 54

Pseudocheiridae 1.7kg eats eucalyptus leaves like ringtail possum non prehenile tail large caecum

Answer 55

yellow bellied glider sugar glider striped possum mahogany glider they are noisy and social eat sap - find sap producing trees Prehensile tail

Answer 56

Sugar gliders are taking the swifts parrots food source fighting around mating

Answer 57

Striped possum - north QLD wet tropics used to fossick under bark for grubs

Answer 58

Cuscus brushtailed possum bobuck possum scaly tailed possum kimberly

Answer 59

pygmy possum mountain pygmy possum

Answer 60

Honey Possum brush tongue, reduced teeth very specialised for nectarivory Largest mammalian sperm smallest young at birth very few teeth

Marsupials Flashcards

(85 cards)