martin luther and the reformation Flashcards
(23 cards)
Who was Martin Luther?
Martin Luther was a religious reformer born in Saxony, Germany, in 1483.
What was the Reformation?
The Reformation was a time in 16th century Europe when the Catholic Church was torn apart.
What is simony?
Simony is the practice of bribery to be elected to important positions in the Church.
What is nepotism?
Nepotism is the practice of giving positions to relatives.
What is absenteeism?
Absenteeism refers to a priest or bishop missing from their parish or diocese because they are in another.
What is pluralism?
Pluralism is when a priest or bishop is given more than one parish or diocese.
What are indulgences?
Indulgences are special prayers used to buy one’s way into heaven.
What did Martin Luther believe about salvation?
Luther believed in ‘justification by faith alone’ as the only way to get to heaven.
What event in 1517 angered Martin Luther?
In 1517, Pope Leo X stated that anyone who bought indulgences to support the construction of St. Peter’s Basilica would have their sins forgiven, which angered Luther.
Who was John Tetzel?
John Tetzel was sent to Germany to sell indulgences and claimed that anyone who bought one would go to heaven.
What did Luther do in response to the sale of indulgences?
Luther wrote the 95 theses, arguments against the sale of indulgences.
How did the printing press impact Luther’s ideas?
The printing press allowed Luther’s ideas to be translated into German and spread quickly.
What happened when the Church ordered Luther to recant?
Luther refused to recant.
What was the Diet of Worms?
The Diet of Worms was a meeting called by Charles V.
What was the Edict of Worms?
The Edict of Worms declared Luther an outlaw.
Who protected Luther after he was declared an outlaw?
Luther was protected by Frederick, Elector of Saxony, at Wartburg Castle.
What were Luther’s key decisions regarding church practices?
Luther decided on justification by faith alone, that priests could marry, only 2 sacraments, services should be in vernacular, and consubstantiation.
What was the impact of the Reformation on the Catholic Church?
The Reformation forced the Catholic Church, the most powerful organization in Europe, to change, leading to the Catholic Counter-Reformation.
What were the Council of Trent meetings?
The Council of Trent were a series of meetings that forced the Catholic Church to change and eliminate abuses.
What new religious orders were established after the Reformation?
New religious orders, such as the Jesuits, were established to promote the Catholic religion.
Who was inspired by Martin Luther?
Martin Luther inspired a new wave of reformers, including Henry VIII.
What was the Court of Inquisition?
The Court of Inquisition tried people accused of heresy, or being an enemy of God.
What has been a consequence of religious differences?
There have been many wars over religion.
