Marxism Flashcards
(34 cards)
Outline traditional marxist beliefs
Class conflict - 2 classes
Capitalist own means of production
Threatens stability if capitalism and revolution
Social institutions reproduce class inequalities
What was Althussers concept
Ideological state apparatus
What is the repressive state
Protects capitalist interests when necessary state uses force e.g. Police, army, courts
What is the ideological state apparatus
Controls peoples ideas, beliefs, values. Includes education
How does Althusser argue educations role is the ideological state apparatus
Reproduces class inequality - failing each w.c. affecting life chances ensuring in same jobs Legitimises class inequality - ideologies disguise true cause, inequality inevitable, failure fault of individual. Affects what they believe and how they respond
Who argues role of religion is to reproduce obedient work force
Bowles and Gintis
How does education produce obedient workforce
Capitalism needs obedient, submissive personalities, willing work hard, low pay and authority
Need reproduction, believe it is inevitable, achieve this successive generations need ideas firmly planted in minds - function education
Close correspondence between schools and workplace - ready to accept capitalism
What is the correspondence principle
Education mirrors that of work
What are the 5 ways education mirrors the workplace
Alienation Hierarchy Extrinsic satisfaction Fragmentation of knowledge Competition
How is alienation in school reflected in the workplace
School - pupils’ lack control over education
Work - workers’ lack control over production
How is hierarchy in school reflected in the workplace
Schools - head > teachers > pupils
Work - boss > supervisor > hierarchy
How is extrinsic satisfaction in school reflected in the workplace
School - rewards of qualifications rather than interest in subject
Work - reward of pay not satisfaction of job itself
How is fragmentation of knowledge in school reflected in the workplace
School - into unconnected subjects
Work - small, meaningless tasks
How is competition in school reflected in the workplace
Schools - divisions among pupils
Work - divisions among workers - differences in status and pay
Who researches into the hidden curriculum
Bowles and Gintis
What is the Hidden Curriculum
How correspondence principle operates - lessons learnt in school without directly being taught
Normal way to think
Who researched into Myth of Meritocracy
Bowles and Gintis
What is the purpose of myth of meritocracy
Idea although untrue designed to create particular way of thinking - justify inequality
Outline myth of meritocracy
Prevents recognising exploitation and rebelling. Produces ideologies explain why inequalities fair/inevitable
Who do functionalists say about myth of meritocracy
Education and work meritocratic everyone has equal opportunity to achieve
Those gain highest rewards deserve them as most able and hardworking
What do Bowles and Gintis say on myth of meritocracy
Reality based on class background. Promoting untrue idea rewards based on ability, helps persuade workers to accept inequality and subordination as legitimate
What do Bowles and Gintis say on Role Allocation
Rejection functionalist claim education allocates most talented meritocratically to most important/best rewarded roles
Research found most obedience conforming students rewarded not non-conformist or creative
Who researched into learning to labour
Willis
What concept of Bowles and Gintis does Willis reject
Correspondence principle
