Flashcards in Masonry Deck (53)
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1
formula for estimating masonry block
linear feet x height x 1.125 =Total # of blocks
2
formula estimating masonry cement...
(number of blocks ÷ 100) x 3 = bags of cement
3
formula estimating for masonry sand
1 ton of sand per 8 bags of masonry cement
-or-
bags of cement ÷ 8 = tons of sand
4
formula estimating for water
8 gallons of water per bag of cement
-or-
bags of cement x8 =gallons of water
5
how many CMU blocks come on a pallet?
94
6
formula for concrete Project Volume
PV= L ×W ×H × #of pads
7
formula calculating concrete Loss Factor
LF = PV x 1.1 (if under 5400 cubic ft/200cu yd)
LF = PV x1.05 (if over 5400cu ft/200cu yd
8
formula calculating concrete Loss Volume?
LV= LF x1.5
9
what are the most common types of mortar mixes?
N M S O
10
formula calculating cement, sand, and gravel for concrete
1/6 x LV =bags of cement
2/6 x LV = cubic feet of sand
3/6 x LV = cubic feet of gravel
11
How much concrete can delivery trucks hold?
10 cubic yards
12
formula converting cubic feet into cubic yards
(length x width x height) ÷ 27 = cubic yards
13
how much time do you have to pour concrete, once water is mixed in?
3 hours
14
What are the benefits of a lower psi mortar?
better adhesive and sealing powers
15
What is the most common cement used by the military?
Portland Cement
16
what type of mortar is general purpose?
Type N
17
What is Type N mortar used for?
above grade work, interior and exterior load bearing
18
What type of mortar has the highest compressive strength and is used for below grade load bearing?
Type M
19
What is Type S mortar used for?
below grade, sewers, brick patio/driveway
20
What type of mortar is used for above grade, non-load bearing situations?
Type O
21
What type of mortar is used for historic preservation?
Type K
22
Formula for Volume of a cylinder
V= pi x Radius squared x height
23
When hand mixing what order should you mix?
dry goods mixed, then add water
24
What components go into concrete?
Portland cement, water, aggregates
25
what affect does water have in mixing concrete?
less water makes a stronger mix
26
Concrete should be mixed with 60-80% of what?
Aggregates
27
What is used primarily to gain economy, in concrete mixtures?
Aggregates
28
what are the types of Aggregates in a concrete mix?
Course- gravel, rock
Fine- sand
29
What are the types of Portland Cement?
Type 1 Normal,
Type 2 modified,
Type 3 high early,
Type 4 low heat
Type 5 sulfate resistant
30
what types of Portland Cement are "air entrained"?
Types 1,2,3
31
What are the types of concrete?
Reinforced, pre-stressed, Precast, lightweight
32
Which type of concrete is easier to ship and fire resistant?
lightweight
33
Describe pre-stressed concrete
reinforced rebar or welded wires are stretched with tension before concrete is poured over it
34
what type of concrete has steel rods running through it?
Reinforced
35
What are the disadvantages of concrete?
Weak tinsel strength, expansion and contraction, shrinks while drying, weight
36
what advantages does concrete have over other materials?
durability, castable, economical, compressive strength
37
What type of joint controls cracking?
control joint
38
where would an expansion joint be located? What would it consist of?
between two slabs of concrete, such as sidewalk and building, or driveway and sidewalk.
a resilient material, rubber, wood etc no more than 1/4in thick
39
what must concrete forms be?
tight rigid strong
40
what must be <4ft per hour, vertically?
rate of filling concrete
41
When should you never pour concrete?
freezing Temps
42
when should you use accelerators?
When pouring in Temps over 90 degrees
43
when should you not use accelerators? why?
in reinforced concrete. they are oxidize and will weaken the metal
44
What is it called when you add more water to concrete mix?
retempering
45
what is Modular Construction?
when the dimensions of the construction are made around the size of block being used
46
Name the parts of a wall
corner/end, field, expansion/control Joint, intersection
47
what do you put in a block wall, every 4ft?
rebar reinforcement
48
What are the 3 essential things the foundation must be?
plumb, level, square
49
what does plumb mean?
perpendicular, straight up and down, on 2 axis'
50
what does it mean to be even on a horizontal plane?
level
51
what does square mean?
equal distances and angles
52
what are some considerations of a job site?
drainage, slope, soil stability, tactical employment, commanders desire
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