Massage Flashcards
(42 cards)
1
Q
Massage - definition
A
Mechanical stimulation of tissues by means of rhythmically applied pressure and stretching
2
Q
Massage - Facts (5)
A
- It can reduce anxiety and stress
- It can build trust between patient and PT
- Convey concern and respect for another in need
- Energize, invigorate, elevate mood
- Increase patients’ body awareness
3
Q
Massage - Myths (3)
A
- Build muscle
- Reduce fat
- Reduce spasticity from CNS damage
4
Q
The Physiological Effects (3)
A
- Type of effect depends on stroke/technique
- Reflex
- Mechanical
5
Q
Stroke/Technique effects:
A
- Inhibitory/relaxing (slow, long, rotational strokes)
- Excitatory/stimulating (quick, short strokes)
- Inhibitory to voluntary mm
6
Q
Inhibitory/relaxing stroke examples
A
Effleurage, petrissage
7
Q
Excitatory/stimulating stroke examples
A
Percussion, friction, vibration and knuckling
8
Q
Inhibitory to voluntary mm examples
A
Deep tendon pressure of stretch - Charlie horse, cramps
9
Q
Reflex Effects - def
A
Stimulation of sensory receptors in the skin and superficial tissues
10
Q
Mechanical Effects - def
A
- Stretching, elongating, or mobilizing techniques
- Should perform after reflexive techniques
11
Q
Reflexive Effects (4)
A
- Red flare or streak, arteriole dilation
- Release of histamines and prostaglandins
- Decrease in pain
- Increase of lymph flow
12
Q
Mechanical Effects (3)
A
- On soft tissue
- Effects on pulmonary system
- Local capillary dilation via splanchnic autonomic fibers
13
Q
Mechanical Effects on soft tissue
A
- Stretching tissue, increase in flexibility and length
- Can break up or prevent fibrotic tissue
- Can increase muscle health through decreasing metabolic acids, improving tissue nutrition and enhancing waste exchange
- Decreases scar tissue
14
Q
Mechanical Effects - Pulmonary system
A
- percussion/tapping strokes
- vibration loosens mucous plugs when combined with postural drainage
15
Q
Mechanical Effects - Local capillary dilation
A
- Relaxation of voluntary muscle
- Sedation of pain stimuli (gate theory)
- Increase in skin temperature
16
Q
Indications (6)
A
- For edema of venous/lymph
- Promote wound healing
- To decrease/prevent adhesions
- Tone to skin
- Pulmonary congestion
- To relax muscle or whole body
17
Q
Contraindications (9)
A
- Edema from total system failure
- Acute inflammatory edema
- Suspected clot
- Suspected aneurysm
- Tumors
- Open lesions
- Abnormal abdominal mass
- Non-union facture
- Graft sites
18
Q
Precautions (9)
A
- Chronic fatigue syndrome
- Fx sites
- Osteoporosis
- DM
- High BP
- Asthma
- Alcoholism
- Psychiatric illness
- Children with shunts
19
Q
Components of Massage
A
- Lubricant
- Draping
- Position
- Behavior of Therapist
- Preparation
- Application
20
Q
Types of Lubricants (6)
A
- Almond oil
- Baby oil
- Pure lanolin
- Cocoa butter
- Water based
- Tiger balm
21
Q
Draping (3)
A
- Drape patient for modesty and warmth
- Always begin with patient completely draped
- During massage you will be tucking the sheet or towel, you must be aware of your hand placement
22
Q
Positioning (2)
A
- To allow the greatest access to the area being massaged
- For patient comfort - ease into it and to the pts. tolerance
23
Q
General Application Principles (4)
A
- Try not to break contact
- Gauge pressure carefully
- Never apply pressure over the spinous process
- Try to make transitional movements as smooth as possible
24
Q
Effleurage - def
A
long stroking, gliding movements following length of muscle
25
Effleurage Technique
- Used to apply lubricant
- Begins and ends massage
- Increases superficial venous return
- Accustoms pt. to touch before deeper work
26
Petrissage - def
Kneading, compress and release movements used to lift subcutaneous tissue up and off underlying structures
27
Petrissage techniques (4)
- Cross stroke
- Scissoring technique
- Kneading
- Knuckling
28
Basic Swedish Principles (4)
- All strokes with pressure towards the heart
- Begin and end with effleurage
- Work distal to proximal
- Force should be applied in the direction of the muscle fibers
29
What is the focus of Swedish massage?
To return the body to a complete non-encumbered flow of energy
30
Tapotement - def
Percussive strokes using alternating hands in rapid rhythmic motion
-4 techniques
31
Tapotement techniques
- Tapping - fingertips
- Hacking - ulnar border of hands
- Cupping - cupped hands
- Pinchment - alternate pinching with thumb and index finger
32
Vibration - def
Transmitting trembling motion from PT hands onto tissue
| -use after deep pressure of trigger point
33
Connective Tissue Massage - def
- Pull skin in opposite directions perpendicular to muscle
| - Pinching technique over the muscle
34
Trigger point massage
- Find tender area, and may feel tightness in the area
| - Apply pressure with finger or thumb
35
Lymph organs
- Thymus
- Lymph nodes
- Spleen
- Tonsils
- Lymph follicles of mucous membrane
36
Right lymphatic duct connects with _____ and drains _______
R. Jugulosubclavian area and drains 1/4 of the body (RUQ)
37
Thoracic duct connects with _______ and drains _______
L. Jugulosubclavian area and drains 3/4 of the body (LUQ and lower quadrants)
38
Lymphatic Functions
- Removal of waste and excess fluids from body tissues
- Production of immune cells
- Absorption of fatty acids
39
Dynamic Lymphatic Failure (edema)
- Transport capacity = normal
| - Lymphatic load = increased
40
Mechanical Lymphatic Failure (lymphedema)
- Transport capacity = decreased
| - Lymphatic load = normal
41
Combination Lymphatic Failure (lymphedema)
- Transport capacity = decreased
| - Lymphatic load = increased
42
Hemodynamic Lymphatic Failure (cardiac edema)
- Transport capacity = normal/decreased
| - Lymphatic load = increased due to R. ventricular failure
