material properties Flashcards
mechanical property
elements of a material that resist deformation
toughness
the ability to withstand sudden stress or force
strength
the ability to withstand force such as tension compression and shear force
hardness
the ability to withstand indentation, deformation or penetration when subjected to a force
elasticity
the ability for a material to be deformed and then return back to its original shape
plasticity
the ability to permanently deform without breaking
malleability
the ability to permanently deform in any direction without breaking
ductility
the ability to be drawn out twisted or bended without breaking
durability
the ability to withstand deterioration over time
stability
the ability to withstand changes over time
stiffness
the ability for a material to resist deformation under its own weight
physical properties
elements of a material that can be measured
density
how compact the material is
-mass per unit volume
conductivity
the ability to conduct heat or electricity
size
the dimensions of the material
aesthetics
the appearance of the material
optical
the ability to absorb or reflect light
joining
the ability for the material to be joined with other materials
magnetism
attraction to magnetic material
papers
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copier paper
80 gsm
pros - cheap, lightweight, good printability
cons - some mediums smudge more
cartridge paper
120-150 gsm
pros - stiff, good for accepting mediums, good printability
cons - expensive
tracing paper
60-90 gsm
made by beating the air from the paper to make it translucent
pros - allows you to copy images underneath, strong
cons - quite expensive, not good printability as it is prone to smudging
boards
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folding boxboard
bleached white outer layer - unbleached yellowy middle layer - bleached inner layer
Pros - excellent for scoring, accepts print well
Cons - not as strong as solid white board
corrugated board
2 or more layers of fluted paper between two paper liners
Pros - impacts resistant, cheap
Cons - looks cheap, not water resistant, deforms under pressure
solid white board
thick layer of pure bleached wood pulp
Pros - strong, rigid, accepts print well
Cons - expensive
METALS
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ferrous
contain iron
mild steel
iron and 1-3% carbon - melts at 1400 c
properties of mild steel
tough, ductile, malleable, magnetic, poor corrosion resistance, easily joined
stainless steel
steel, 10.5-18% chromium, 8% nickel and 8% manganese - melts at 1400 c
properties of stainless steel
corrosion resistant, hard, tough