Maths

Question 1

What is quantitative data

Answer 1

Data in numbers

Question 2

Strength of quantitative data

Answer 2

Easier to analyse
Data is on numbers which can be summarised using descriptive stats

Easier to draw conclusions

Question 3

Weakness of quantitative data

Answer 3

Can oversimplify human experience as it only suggests simple answers

Does not tell us why

Question 4

What is qualitative data

Answer 4

Data in words or pictures. NOT numbers

Question 5

Strength of qualitative data

Answer 5

Shows the true nature of human behaviour. Not reduced to numbers

Provides rich details

Question 6

Weakness of qualitative data

Answer 6

More difficult to see patterns and draw conclusions

Question 7

What is primary data

Answer 7

Collected by the researcher to use in the current study

Question 8

Strengths and weakness of primary data

Answer 8

+ data collection can be designed to fit the aims of the study

• lengthy and expensive. Recruiting participants, planning and car eh isn’t out studies take a long time

Question 9

What is secondary data

Answer 9

Data was collected for another purpose e.g. government statistics

Question 10

Strengths and weakness of secondary data

Answer 10

+ simpler, quicker and cheaper to use someone else’s data

+ statistical testing may already tell us whether data is significant

• data may not exactly fit the the needs of the study

Question 11

What is nominal data

Answer 11

Data is in separate categories

Examples:
Height- tall medium short
Gender
Hair colour
Nationalities

Question 12

Strength and weakness of nominal data

Answer 12

+ easy to generate from closed questions, large amounts of data can be collected quickly

• no linear scale, participant may be unable to express. Can’t use mode.

Question 13

What is ordinal data

Answer 13

Data is ordered in some way

Example:
Each person lines up in order of height.
Places in a contest or race

Question 14

Strengths and weakness of ordinal data

Answer 14

+ indicates relative values on a linear scale instead of a total, provided more info

• gaps aren’t equal, so can’t use mean

Question 15

What is interval data

Answer 15

Data is measured using units of equal intervals

Example:
Measuring everyone’s height in cm
IQ tests

Question 16

Strengths and weakness of interval

Answer 16

+ more info as points are directly comparable as they’re all equal. Highly reliable

• no absolute baseline if scientific methods.

Question 17

What is raw data?

Answer 17

Data that hasn’t been processed

Question 18

What is the mean

Answer 18

Add them all, then divide by how many there are

Question 19

Strengths and weaknesses of the mean

Answer 19

+ represents all of the data

• highly affected by outliers (piece of data that does not fit the test.)
• can’t be used on nominal data

Question 20

What’s the median

Answer 20

Place numbers from smallest to largest and look for the middle

Question 21

Strengths and weakness of the median

Answer 21

+ not affected by outliers

• does not consider all data

Question 22

What’s the mode

Answer 22

The number that is present the most

Question 23

Strengths and weakness of the mode

Answer 23

+ not affected by outliers

• may not be a mode or there’s several modes

Question 24

The Range

Answer 24

Highest score - lowest score

Question 25

Strengths and weakness of the range

Answer 25

+ easy to calculate

• affected by extreme values
• doesn’t really describe the spread of data

Question 26

Variance

Answer 26

_
∑ ( x - x )
S2= ———————-
n - 1

Question 27

Strengths and weaknesses of variance

Answer 27

+ a precise measurement of spread as all data is used

• may hide characteristics such as extreme values
• harder to calculate than the range

Question 28

Standard deviation

Answer 28

_
∑ ( x - x )
S2= ———————-
n - 1
But square root answer

Question 29

Strengths and weaknesses of standard deviation

Answer 29

+ a precise measure of spread as all data is used

• may hide characteristics such as extreme values
• harder to calculate than the range