maths key terms - chapter 2 Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is an Algebraic Expression?
An expression involving algebra
Examples include variables and constants combined with operations.
What are Brackets in mathematical expressions?
Often included within an expression/equation, worked out first
Brackets indicate the order of operations.
Define Factorise.
Put brackets in your answer
This process is used to simplify expressions.
What is an Identity?
When two sides of a relation are equal for all values of x
E.g. 4x = 2x + 2x.
What is an Expression?
A sum that doesn’t have an equals sign
E.g. 2x + 4.
What is an Equation?
An expression equal to another expression that can be solved
E.g. 3x + 5 = 11, where x = 2.
Define Formula.
A mathematical relationship or rule expressed using symbols
E.g. The formula for area is A=lw.
What are Consecutive integers?
One number after the other
Examples include 1, 2, 3 or 5, 6, 7.
What are Re-arranged Formulae?
A formula that has been re-arranged to equal the same value
This is often done to isolate a variable.
Define Variables.
Letters that can vary
Commonly used to represent unknown values.
What is the Subject of a formula?
The letter on its own, on one side of the equals sign
This is the variable being solved for.
What is a Linear Sequence?
A sequence that increases/decreases at a constant rate
The difference between terms is constant.
What is an Arithmetic Sequence?
A synonym for a linear sequence
It can be defined by a common difference.
Define Quadratic Sequence.
A sequence that increases/decreases at an increasing/decreasing rate
The difference between terms changes.
What is Common Difference?
The constant increasing/decreasing value of an arithmetic sequence
This is the difference between consecutive terms.
What is a Fibonacci Sequence?
A sequence found by starting with 2 identical numbers and adding the previous one
E.g. 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8.
Define Geometric sequence.
Where the terms increase by a constant multiplier
An example is 2, 4, 8, 16, where each term is multiplied by 2.
What is Second Difference?
The difference of the difference
Used in identifying quadratic sequences.
What does Expanding mean in algebra?
To take brackets out of the equation
This involves distributing terms across the brackets.
