matter Flashcards
(19 cards)
define matter
anything that occupies space and has mass
the 3 subatomic particles are ?
atoms, molecules and ions
describe the atomic structure
nucleus has protons and neutrons in the middles
electrons orbit them
what is the mass for proton, neutron and electron?
1,1,1/1840
number of proton in an atoms is called
atomic or proton number
energy shells are also known as?
shells
how to calculate nucleon mass
neutrons + protons
nucleon mass is also known as
mass number
what is an isotopes
same number of protons but different nucleon number
what are the 2 things isotopes of the same element have?
same chemical property and different physical properties
why do isotopes of the same element have the same chemical properties
they have the same number of valency electrons
why do isotopes of the same element have different physical properties
they have different numbers of neutrons
name the isotopes used for the medical field
cobalt -60 to treat cancer
iodine 131- treat thyroid gland
name the isotope used in the agricultural field
phosphorus 32 - test metabolism in phosphorus in plant
gamma ray of cobalt 60 - use to destroy bacteria in food
name the isotopes used in the industry field
sodium 24- detect leaks in pipes
name the isotopes used in archelogy field
carbon 14- to estimate the age of fossils and artifacts
why are some isotopes radioactive?
the nucleus are unstable
when the nucleus decays or breaks down naturally it gives out radiation in form of rays and particles
the further the shell is from the nucleus____
the higher the energy
how to know what group number and periodic number an element is
grp number: number of valency electrons
periodic number: number of orbital shells
