Matter

Question 1

what is matter

Answer 1

anything that has mass and volume

Question 2

what are the ancient views on matter

Answer 2

Empedoclean elements
Continuity
Democritus and Leucippus

Question 3

Who were the first to speculate the nature of matter

Answer 3

ancient greek philosophers; they were not able to conduct experiments to validate their assumptions

Question 4

Empedocles theory

Answer 4

All matter is composed of the four elements

Question 5

Aristotle’s theory

Answer 5

Suggested that all space is filled up with matter, implying that there are no empty spaces
described each element as a balance between two qualities

Question 6

Continuity

Answer 6

• matter is divisible and can be cut into pieces over and over again
• matter can be broken down into pieces and you wont be able to obtain its smallest parts

Question 7

Democritus and Leucippus Theory (atomistic theory)

Answer 7

All materials are made up of tiny bits of matter which cannot be further divided

Question 8

Particulate nature of matter

Answer 8

Discontinuity of matter
Four main ideas

Question 9

Discontinuity of matter

Answer 9

Matter is made up of particles instead of primal material

Question 10

Four main ideas

Answer 10

1. Matter is composed of discrete particles
2. There is an empty space between particles of matter
3. The particles of matter are in constant motion
4. There are forces that act between the particles

Question 11

explain the motion of particles

Answer 11

• particles that are close to each other move in vibratory motion
• particles that are far apart move fast and in random motion
• as heat increases, kinetic energy increases, resulting in their fast movement

Question 12

explain the forces between particles

Answer 12

intermolecular forces/ forces that exist between particles may either be attractive or repulsive

Question 13

what are the states of matter

Answer 13

solid, liquid, gas

Question 14

what is the arrangement of particles in solids

Answer 14

they are compact and arranged in an orderly manner

very little spaces between particles

Question 15

what is the arrangement for liquids

Answer 15

close together but not arranged in an orderly manner

moderate spaces between particles

Question 16

what are the general properties of matter

Answer 16

they are present to all kinds of matter

• mass
• weight
• volume
• density
• specific gravity

Question 17

this is the amount of matter in an object

Answer 17

mass

Question 18

this is the measure of force that acts on an object

Answer 18

weight

Question 19

this is the amount of space occupied by matter

Answer 19

volume

Question 20

This is the ratio between mass and volume

Answer 20

Density

Question 21

this is the ratio of a substance’s density to a standard substance

Answer 21

Specific gravity

Question 22

what is mass

Answer 22

• the amount of matter in an object
• the more matter present the greater its mass
• grams/kg
• compact materials have greater mass than those with hollow interior

Question 23

what is weight

Answer 23

• The measure of force that acts on an object
• mass times gravitational force
  newtons

Question 24

what is volume

Answer 24

• amount of space occupied by matter
• can be measured using instruments with graduations or by getting the dimensions of the object

Question 25

what is density

Answer 25

- ratio between mass and volume - tells how compact an object is

Question 26

what is specific gravity

Answer 26

- ratio of substance's density to a standard substance - relative denstiy - dimentionless quantity

Question 27

what are physical properties

Answer 27

qualities that are readily observable without changing the matter's composition classified as intensive or extensive - intensive properties DO NOT DEPEND on the amount of matter - extensive properties DEPEND on the amount of matter

Question 28

classifications of physical properties

Answer 28

- intensive properties DO NOT DEPEND on the amount of matter - extensive properties DEPEND on the amount of matter

Question 29

intensive proeprties

Answer 29

color density boiling point melting/freezing point

Question 30

extensive properties

Answer 30

mass volume