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matters of life and death Flashcards

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1
Q

who was Georges Lemaitre

A

A catholic priest scientists

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2
Q

what did Georges Lemaitre propose

A

a scientific theory that we now know as the big bang theory

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3
Q

what does the big bang theory suggest

A
  • 13.7 billion years ago the matter in the universe was concentrated into one small dense high temperature point
  • this expanded, and after the initial expansion it began to cool allowing the formation of particles and atoms
  • clouds of there elements formed galaxies and stars
  • when the earth cooled life began to develop
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4
Q

what is the big bang theory based on

A

scientific evidence

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5
Q

what do christians believe in about the creation of th universe

A

universe is created by God - some Christians are literalness and some thing its a metaphor

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6
Q

what are reasons why some Christians would reject the big bang theory

A
  • science is always changing and may not have the whole picture - early scientists thought the earth of flat
  • the bible is the word of God so the story of creation should be taken literally
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7
Q

what did george lematire say about the big bang theory and religion

A

’ such a theory remains entirely outside any metaphysical or religious question’

  • does not think his theory disapproved the existence of God
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8
Q

why do christians believe the universe has value

A

god created the universe and continues to sustain it - ‘all things have been created through him and for him’

universe reflects Gods love

given to humanity as a gift - fill teh earth and subdue it

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9
Q

does genesis 1:28 give humans that right to exploit resources

A

no Christians would argue that the universe is to be enjoyed but sustainability and responsibly

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10
Q

what is the sanctity of life

A

the idea the life is sacred,holy and a gift from God

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11
Q

what do Christians believe about the sanctity of life

A

human life should be treated with special care as they are made in gods image
decisions about life and death should be taken with care

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12
Q

do Christians believe that humans are perfect

A

no
they think humans were created perfectly by God but they sinned and the perfect on was spolit

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13
Q

what are bible quotes about the value of human life

A

’ god created man kind in his own image’
‘ god formed a man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life’
‘before i formed you in the womb i knew you’
‘you knit me together in my mothers womb’

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14
Q

why is the sanctity of life important for christians today

A
  • means that God cares for humans
  • means that all decisions around life and death and taken very seriously
  • everyone should be treated equally
  • argues for the argument that life is sacred from conception
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15
Q

who was charles darwin

A

a naturalist which means he travelled and studied plants and animals by observing them and conducting expiermiments

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16
Q

what is darwins theory of evolution

A

that evolution was driven by natural selection
- on his journey he found the same species in different environments were slightly different
- he therefore observed that speices can change gradually over time to suit their envrioment

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17
Q

what is the process central to the theory of evoultion

A

survival of the fittest

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18
Q

what is survival of the fittest

A

individuals with features best suited to their environment are most likely to survive and pass on their genes

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19
Q

swa on the idea that humans are more important than animals

A

’ everything that lives and moves will be food for you’

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20
Q

how might theory of evolution go against the idea that humans are more important than animals

A
  • theory of evolution suggests humans have evolved over time and share common ancestor with apes
  • they are no more important than animals or plants
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21
Q

what would christians that reject the theory of evolution say

A

becuase the bible said that God created human in his own image .
- so by saying humans have evolved from apes would contradict the bible and undermine the importance that God gives to human beings

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22
Q

what would christians that believe that evolution is compatible with the bible say

A

they would argue that God can use any method for creation includign evolution

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23
Q

why do christians believe it is important to respond to scientific and non-religious explanations

A
  • there is strong evidence to support scientific explanation and ignoring them suggests chrstians are not able to respond to challanges
  • chritians can be enriched by shared knowledge
  • chirstians need to considere how relgious and scientific views might be compatible
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24
Q

what is abortion

A

the deliberate ending of a pregnancy by surgical or medical means

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25
when were abortions legalised in the uk
in the aborition act 1967 which allows abortion up to 24 weeks of pregancy as long as two doctors agree on the conditions
26
what are the conditions that two of the doctors have to agree on for an abortion to happen ( they only have to agree on one of the conditions)
- the pregnancy puts the physical or mental health of the women or her existing children at risk - the abortion will prevent serious permanent i jury to the women - continuing the pregnancy will put the women's life at risk - there is a high risk that the child will be disabled
27
when might later abortions be accepted
only if the womans life is at risk or a serious disability is dected
28
what might the catholic church argue about abortion
- life begins at conception -the foetus is created in the image of god - every human being has the right to live - god has a plan for every human life -abortion is murder which is forbidden in teh bible
29
swa - anti abortion
" you shall not murder" " you knit me together in my mothers womb" " before i formed you in the womb i knew you" " god created mankind in his own image"
30
what would some more liberal christians argue around abortion
- jesus taught his followers to act with love and compassion - religion allows sometimes allows the sanctity of life to be broken such as during war - it is not clear that life begins at conception
31
swa for pro choice
"Do to others what you would have them do to you" "Be merciful, just as your Father is merciful" - Be understanding and kind in difficult situations, like rape or danger to the mother
32
non relgious pro choice arguments
- a foestus is not a perosn until it can survive outside the womb so before 24 weeks are not taking life - a women should have a right to choose what they do to their body - if a baby is not wanted when it is born then it is better for it to not be born at all
33
non religious pro life arguments
- every foetus has the potential for human life - with modern medicine, babies can survive outside the womb at younger and younger ages - the womens rights shouldnt outway those of the foetus - adoption is an alternative to abortion
34
what is situation ethics
a ethical theory that suggests a decsion should be made based on what is the most loving thing to do
35
how would a situation ethicist respond to the debate around abortion
- they would carefully consider the situation and decide what action would most suit everyone
36
how do christians resond to situation ethics
they would disagree with this method and would instead make decisions based on what they believe to be right according to the bible
37
why do christians believe in the existence of life after death
- the bible promises afterlife - if god is eternal and he created life to have purpose and sigfiicance then surley he would want human beings to continue beyond the grave - the ressurection of jesus is a guaraentee of life after death for those who believe in him
38
swa for life after death
and god raised us up with christ and seated us with him in the heavenly realms
39
what christian beliefs dows the swa 'and god raised us up with christ and seated us with him in the heavenly realms' support
- jesus detah and ressurection mena sthat humanity can be saved - jesus frees people from sin the the act fo grace - followers of jesus are raised up to join him in heaven
40
what is remebered lives
- people that claim to be able to remeber a past life - like a child who is able to give details about a previous life that they could not know about -experiences like these support reincarnation
41
how do christians react to remembered lives adn reincarnation
it is not a christian belief so most christians would reject it as proof of life after death
42
what is a spiritualist
people who believe that there is a spirit world beyond the physical one where spirits of the dead live on and can be contacted through a medium - someone hwo is able to communicate with the dead
43
what is the christian belief on spiritualists and the paranormal
christians believe there is a important spiritual element to life but most christians don't believe in the paranormal
44
what are the other arguments for life after death
- remebered lives - the paranormal - logic -comfort - meeting loved ones
45
what is the logical argument for life after death
- seems logical that this life isnt it - near death experiences as proof - where a patient is medically understood to be dead for a short time and comes bakc to life and is able to recal things such as approaching a light
46
what is the christian reponses to the logical argument of life after death
- wary and would argue that the bible is enough evidence to prove life after death exists
47
why is the belief in life after death significant for christians
- core reason why jesus came to earth - remove them of their sins so tehy can live forever with god in heaven - impacts their lives - beleif that they will oneday be with god brings them joy and hope -god will judge people on their lives so it affects how christians live their day to day life
48
what are the arguments against life after death
- comfort - lack of evidence - fraudulent accounts -social control
49
what is the argument of comfort in agruments against life after death + what is christian repsonse
- the afterlife is merely a story made up to comfort people in times of sadness christian response : they would disagree that it is a made up story as their base their beleifs on evidence of the bible
50
what is the argument of lack of evidence in agruments against life after death + what is christian repsonse
- it is not scientifically backed up with evidence christian response: sceince is not able to explain or prove everything - christians trust the evidence of the bible
51
what is the argument of fraudent accounts in agruments against life after death + what is christian repsonse
- those who use mediums and spirtualists who conduct seances where they can communicate with the dead, may be siply exploting people - many mediums have been exposed christian view: they would agree with this and be concered that people were being exploited as integreity is a important chirstian vale 'speak truth to each other'
52
what is euthanasia
the deliberate deminestering of life ending medication by a thord party
53
what are the two types of euthanasia
voluntary non-voluntary
54
what is voluntary euthanasia
a persons life is ended painlessly at their own request
55
what is non voluntary euthanasia
a persons life is ended painlessly when they didnt request but there are reasonable grounds
56
what are some arguments that euthanaisa should be made legal
- saves medical costs - patient dies with dignity - allows a person to have agentle pain free death - medics can focus on pateints with a chance of recovery - allows patients to decided when their quaility of life is so low
57
what are arugments against euthanasia
- all people are valuable - doctors or relatives might make the decision without consulting patient - noone can make judgment about the value of another persons life - no person should have to value themselves as worthless
58
what do christians believe about euthanasia
- it goes against the sanctity of life - taking human life is murder which is forbidden - created in gods image so only he can take that life away -euthanasia could be used for evil
59
swa for against euthanasia
the story of job who has serioues illness which destroyed his qauility of life but he trusted in god and he got better and all turned out weell fr him
60
what is the hospice movement
they are dedicated to caring for terminally ill people by concentrating on pain releif.
61
what is the hospices movemet beleif on euthanasia
that it is the admission of defeat
62
how do christians show repsect to the dying
- providing pain relief - supporting them and loved ones - trusting the persons future to god
63
what threats doe sthe natural world face today
- pollution - waste disposal - global warming - deforestation - overuse of natural rescources - abuse of animals
64
what is uliltararianism
the beleif that the right course of action is the one that will make the most amount of people happy
65
how do christians care for animals
- campahining against animal experimentation - adopting vegetarian and vegan life styles - protecting natural habitats - conserving species - banning zoos
66
swa against animal care
rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky
67
swa for animal care
god entrusted animals to the stewardship of those whom he created in his own image, hence it is illgitemate to use animals for food and cothing

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