Maxillary and Mandibular incisors (complete) Flashcards
(148 cards)
1
Q
What is the main function of the incisors
A
To cut and tear food during mastication
2
Q
What are the secondary functions of the incisors
A
- articulate speech
- support lips (esthetics)
- guide mandible during movement
3
Q
What do all teeth develop from
A
lobes
4
Q
What is the minimum number of lobes a tooth can have
A
4
5
Q
how many lobes do anterior teeth develop from
A
4
6
Q
where are the lobes on anterior teeth located
A
3 on the facial side and incisal edge, one on the lingual surface
7
Q
Where are the lobes found in molars
A
on the cusps
8
Q
where are the lobes found in premolars
A
on the two cups and two marginal ridges
9
Q
What is the shape that ALL crowns from the facial and lingual aspects. and how is it oreinted
A
Trapezoids, with the shorter of the parallel sides being gingival
10
Q
What is the shape of the maxillary posterior teeth from the proximal aspect, and how are they oriented
A
trapezoids, with the longer of the parallel sides being gingival
11
Q
What is the shape of the mandibular posterior teeth from the proximal aspect, and how is that shape oriented
A
Rhomboids, with the occlusal end of the teeth slanting towards the lingual side of the tooth
12
Q
What is the shape of the anterior teeth from the proximal aspect, and how is that shape oriented
A
triangles, with the base of the triangle being gingival
13
Q
What is the initiation of calcification for the mandibular Central incisor
A
3.5 months
14
Q
What is the initiation of calcification for the mandibular lateral incisor
A
3.5 months
15
Q
When is the crown of the mandibular central incisor completed
A
4.5 years
16
Q
when is the crown of the mandibular lateral incisor completed
A
4.5 years
17
Q
when does the mandibular central incisor erupt
A
6.5 years
18
Q
when does the mandibular lateral incisor erupt
A
7.5 years
19
Q
when is the root of the mandibular central incisor complete
A
9 years
20
Q
when is the root of the mandibular lateral incisor complete
A
10 years
21
Q
What are the identifications of the mandibular central incisors according to all three systems
A
24, 25 - universal
(lower left bracket) 1, and (lower right bracket) 1 - palmer
41, 31 - international
22
Q
on the mandibular central incisor, how does the incisocervical crown dimension compare to the mesiodistal crown dimension
A
the incisocervical crown dimension is greater than the mesiodistal crown dimension
23
Q
What is the smallest tooth in the mouth
A
the mandibular central incisor
24
Q
Which tooth in the mouth is the most symmetrical (mesial/distally)
A
The central mandibular incisor
25
What are the proximoincisal angles like on the mandibular central incisor
they are the sharpest, and neither of them are really rounded
26
what is the incisal edge of the central mandibular incisor like
1. it is straight
| 2. it is almost at a right angle to the long axis of the root
27
What are mamelons
they are manifestations of developmental depressions (small bumps on the edges, and middle of the incisal edge)
28
Why don't we see many mamelons in adults
because they are worn away by function
29
What are the facial developmental grooves and depressions like on the central mandibular incisors
they are the fewest and smallest in the mouth along with the lateral mandibular incisors
30
Where are the proximal contacts of the central mandibular incisors located
in the incisal 1/3 at the same level as each other
31
Where in the cingulum on the mandibular central incisors
1. on the lingual side of the tooth
2. in the cervical 1/3 of the crown
3. slightly offset to the distal from the axis of the root
32
What is the lingual surface anatomy of the mandibular central incisors like
the smoothest in the mouth (along with mandibular lateral incisors) the grooves, pits and ridges are very small if they are there at all
33
Can you distinguish between the mandibular and maxillary incisors by the lingual surface anatomy?
yes
34
How does the incisocervical crown dimension compare to the faciolingual crown dimension of the mandibular central incisors
the incisocervical crown dimension is greater than the faciolingual crown dimension
35
Where is the incisal edge of the mandibular central incisor located when looking at it from a proximal view
it is located lingual to the center of the root
36
Why is the incisal edge of the mandibular central incisor located linguallly
because the mandibular arch sits inside the maxillary arch.
37
What happens to the incisal edge of the mandibular central incisor due to wear (seen from the proximal view(
The incisal edge inclines facially
38
Where is the facial height of contour on the mandibular central incisor
in the cervical 1/3
39
Where is the lingual height of contour on the mandibular central incisor
in the cervical 1/3 (slighly inferior to the facial height of contour)
40
What is the shape of the lingual surface from a proximal view of the mandibular central incisor
S- shaped
41
What is the shape of the facial surface from a proximal view of the mandibular central incisor
Flat
42
What is the height of contour
the place where the tooth would first touch if we drew a line parallel to the axis of the root
43
What is the cervical line for like mesially and distally of the mandibular central incisor
on the mesial side it curves incisally 2-3 mm on average
| on the distal side it curves incially, but less than it does on the mesial side
44
What is the root surface form like on the mandibular central incisor
1. the developmental groove depression is usually more pronounced on the distal side
2. roots are wider faciolingually than mesiodistally
45
How does the faciolingual crown dimension compare to the mesiodistal crown dimension on the mandibular central incisor
the faciolingual crown dimension is greater than the mesiodistal crown dimension
46
How does the incisal edge look on the mandibular central incisor from the incisal view
it is straight mesiodistally (perpendicular to the faciolingual bisector)
47
What is the most notable characteristic of the mandibular central incisor from the incisal view
the symmetry of the mesial and distal halves of the crown
48
What are the identifications of the mandibular lateral incisors according to all three systems
26,23 - Universal system
(bottom left bracket) 2, (bottom right bracket) 2 - palmer
42, 32 - international system
49
How common is it to have a labial and lingual root division on the mandibular lateral incisor
rare
50
is it more or less common to have two canals in one root on the mandibular lateral incisors than it is to have labial and lingual root division
more common
51
on the mandibular lateral incisor, how does the incisocervical crown dimension compare to the mesiodistal crown dimension
the incisocervical crown dimension is greater than the mesiodistal crown dimension
52
Which is wider mesiodistally, the mandibular central incisor, or the mandibular lateral incisor
the mandibular lateral incisor
53
Does the incisal edge of the mandibular lateral incisor slope cervically from the facial view?
yes, it slopes cervically toward the distal
54
From the facial view, is the mandibular lateral incisor symmetrical mesiodistally?
no, the mesial half is not symmetrical to the distal half. (the mandibular central incisor is)
55
What are the incisal angles like from the facial view on the mandibular lateral incisor
the mesioincisal angle is sharp
| the distoincisal angle is more rounded
56
Where are the proximal contacts of the mandibular lateral incisor
in the incisal 1/3, close to the incisal edge
57
Where is the cingulum of the mandibular lateral incisor
on the lingual surface, offset to the distal
58
How do the marginal ridges of the mandibular lateral incisor compare?
The mesial marginal ridge is slightly longer incisocervically than the distal marginal ridge
59
What is the lingual fossa like on the mandibular lateral incisor
smooth and barely visible
60
how do the incisocervical crown and the faciolingual crown dimensions compare on the mandibular lateral incisor
the incisocervical crown dimension is greater (larger) than the faciolingual crown dimension.
61
Where are the heights of contour found on the mandibular lateral incisor?
In the cervical 1/3
62
Where is the incisal edge of the Mandibular Lateral Incisor located in relation to the center of the root from the proximal view
The incisal edge is lingual to the midroot axis
63
Where is the distinguishing root concavity on the Mandibular Lateral Incisor from the proximal view
it is found on the distal surface
64
How does the faciolingual crown dimension compare to the mesiodistal crown dimension on the Mandibular Lateral Incisor
the crown is larger faciolingually than mesiodistally
65
What does it mean that the crown of the Mandibular Lateral Incisor appears twisted on the root?
The distal portion of the incisal edge is located lingual to the mesial portion of the incisal edge.
66
Why can you see the distal marginal ridge of the Mandibular Lateral Incisor from the mesial view
because the crown of the root appears to be twisted. The distal portion of the incisasl edge is more lingual than the mesial portion of the incisal edge
67
Where is the cingulum of the Mandibular Lateral Incisor located
a little displaced toward the distal
68
how developed is the cingulum of the Mandibular Lateral Incisor
along with the mandibular central incisor it is the LEAST developed
69
What happens to the mamelons on the incisal edge of the incisors
they are eventually worn away by abrasion from the opposing tooth
70
What is the wear pattern on the incisal edge of the mandibular incisors
the wear is more toward the facial surface
71
What is the wear pattern on the incisal edge of the maxillary incisors
The wear is more toward the lingual surface
72
What happens to the pulp chamber with age
the size of the pulp chamber decreases
73
What is a vertucci type 1 canal
one orifice
one canal
one apical forament
74
on the mandibular arch, which is larger the lateral incisor or the central incisor
The Lateral incisor
75
on the mandibular arch, which is more "angular" (Sharper angles) the Central or lateral incisor
The Central incisor
76
on the mandibular arch, which tooth has the incisal edge that appears to be slightly twisted, the Central or lateral incisor
The Lateral incisor
| The central incisor's incisal edge is straight
77
on the mandibular arch, how do the cingulum of the central and lateral incisors compare
Neither of them are very developed
| both are also offset to the distal, but more so on the lateral incisor
78
how does the lingual surface anatomy of the mandibular incisors compare to the lingual surface anatomy of the maxillary incisors?
The lingual surface anatomy of the mandibular incisors is more inconspicuous than the maxillary lingual surface anatomy
79
when is the initiation of calcification for the maxillary Central incisors
3.5 months
80
When is the initation of calcification for the maxillary lateral incisors
3.5 months
81
When is the crown complete for the maxillary central incisors
4.5 years
82
When is the crown complete for the maxillary lateral incisors
4.5 years
83
When is the eruption of the Maxillary central incisors
7.5 years
84
When is the eruption of the maxillary lateral incisors
7.5 years
85
When is the root complete for the Maxillary lateral incisors
10 years
86
When is the root complete for the maxillary central incisors
10 years
87
What is the universal number given to the Maxillary central right incisor
8
88
What is the universal number given to the maxillary central left incisor
9
89
what is the international number given to the maxillary central incisors
11, 21
90
what is the palmar numbers given to the maxillary central incisors
upper right and left brackets with ones in them
91
on the Maxillary central incisor how does the incisocervical dimension compare to the mesiodistal dimension
the incisocervical dimension is greater
92
What are the line angles like on the Maxillary central incisors
the distoincisal edge is more rounded, the mesioincisal edge is more square
93
what is the incisal edge from the facial view like for the Maxillary central incisor
it is almost straight
94
what were the mammelons like on the Maxillary central incisor
three of them on the incisal edge, with the mesial and distal ones being larger than the central one
95
Where are the proximal contacts of the Maxillary central incisor
```
Mesial = incisal 1/3
Distal = junction of incisal and middle 1/3
```
96
how do the developmental grooves of the Maxillary central incisor compare to the developmental grooves of the mandibular central incisor
they are more evident
97
From the facial view what shape is the root of the Maxillary central incisor
it is cone shaped
98
how long is the root of the Maxillary central incisor relative to its crown
it is short, infact it has the shortest root relative to its own crown
99
how does the cervical line on the lingual side of the Maxillary central incisor compare to the cervical line on the facial side
the cervical line is more concave on the lingual side than it is on the facial side
100
What is the shape of the lingual fossa of the Maxillary central incisor
it is trapezoidal
101
what borders the lingual fossa of the maxillary central incisor
the cingulum, the incisal ridge, and the mesial and distal marginal ridges
102
how developed in the cingulum of the Maxillary central incisor
well developed
103
how do the crest of the cingulum and the peak of the cervical line compare to the M-D bisector
they are both slightly distal
104
how does the incisal ridge of the Maxillary central incisor line up faciolingually from the proximal view
it is centered
105
where are the facial and lingual heights of contour of the Maxillary central incisor located
in the cervical third
106
how is the mesial cervical line curvature of the Maxillary central incisor compared to others on other teeth
the cervical line curvature on the mesial side of the maxillary central incisor is greater than on any other tooth in the mouth
107
what is the root surface like from the proximal view of the Maxillary central incisor
smooth without any depressions
108
how does the mesiodistal crown dimension of the Maxillary central incisor compare to the faciolingual dimension
it is greater mesiodistally
109
how does the incisal ridge from the incisal view of the Maxillary central incisor line up
it is straight and perpendicular to the M-D bisecting plane
110
where are the proximal contacts located from the incisal view of the Maxillary central incisor
they are centered Faciolingually
111
where is the cingulum of the Maxillary central incisor located mesiodistally
slightly to the distal
112
What are the universal numbers for the maxillary lateral incisors
7 and 10
113
how does the incisocervical dimension of the maxillary lateral incisors compare to their mesiodistal dimension
it is greater incisocervically
114
Where are the proximal contacts of the maxillary lateral incisors located
```
Mesial = junction of incisal and middle 1/3
Distal = middle 1/3
```
115
how do the line angles of the maxillary lateral incisors appear
they are more rounded than the maxillary central incisors
116
on which tooth is the crown surface convex in all directions
the maxillary lateral incisors
117
What are the proximal contacts of the anterior teeth
```
Max = IJ, JM, JM
Man = II, II, IM
```
118
how does the root of the maxillary lateral incisors compare to the root of the maxillary central incisors
it is usually longer
119
what is the curvature of the maxillary lateral incisors lik
it is more elliptical than that of the maxillary central incisors
120
where does the peak of the cervical line of the maxillary lateral incisors from the facial view line up
distal to the M-D bisector
121
what is the root of the maxillary lateral incisors like from the facial view
it has a curvature in the apical 1/3
122
What is the cingulum like on the maxillary lateral incisors
it is narrow mesiodistally and slightly to the distal
123
what shape does the cingulum combined with the marginal ridges of the maxillary lateral incisors make
a letter U shape
124
how does the lingual fossa of the maxillary lateral incisors compare the lingual fossa of the maxillary central incisors
it is deeper and more concave
| it is triangle shaped
125
is there a groove/pit on the lingual side of the maxillary lateral incisors
it is frequently detecable on the incisal end of the cingulum
126
on which tooth does the linguogingival groove sometimes show up
the maxillary lateral incisors
127
which way does the linguogingival groove go
from the lingual pit down toward the root on the distal side
128
on the maxillary lateral incisors from the proximal view how does the mesial cervical line compare to the distal cervical line
Mesial side curves more than the distal side
129
from the proximal view of the maxillary lateral incisors how does the incisal edge line up with the root
it is centered over the root
130
where are the heights of contour of the maxillary lateral incisors located
facial and lingual are both in the cervical 1/3
131
how does the mesiodistal crown dimension of the maxillary lateral incisors compare to the faciolingual crown dimension
the mesiodistal is slightly greater than the faciolingual
132
from the incisal view of the maxillary lateral incisors, how is the incisal ridge lined up
it is centered faciolingually
133
where is the cingulum (mesiodistally) on all anterior teeth
they all incline or point distally
134
Which tooth has the 2nd most developmental anomalies
the maxillary lateral incisors
135
What are peg laterals
maxillary lateral incisors in which only the central lobe develops
136
What are the symptoms of hunchinsons incisor
1. crown of incisors resemble screwdrivers
| 2. mulberry molars
137
Which is larger the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
the central
138
which is more angular the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
the central
139
which has the straighter root the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
the central
140
which has the longer root the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
the lateral
141
which incisal third is more flat the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
the central
142
which incisal third is more convex the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
the lateral
143
which one is more variable the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
the lateral
144
which one has the crest of the cingulum offset to the distal the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
they are both offset to the distal
145
which one has a triangular shaped lingual fossa the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
the lateral
146
which one has the trapezoidal shaped lingual fossa the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
the central
147
from a proximal view which one has an incisal edge that is centered over the crest of curvature and the root apices the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
they are both centered
148
which one has a more commonly lingual pit and fissure the maxillary lateral incisors or the maxillary central incisors
the lateral
