May 18

Question 1

Hypocellularity with fatty infiltration

Answer 1

Bone marrow supression -> aplastic anemia

Chloramphenicol

Question 2

Misoprostol

Answer 2

Prostoglandin E1 analog
Allows for reduction of acid secretion, increased barrier
ConInd in pregnancy bc induce labor

Question 3

Bleomycin

Answer 3

Used for: testicular tumor (first line)
Complex with Fe2+. Pulmonary toxicity, skin changes, alpecia.
CT: cystic degeneration of posterior lung base with interstitial thickening.

Question 4

HCTZ

Answer 4

Thiazide diuretics inhibit Na reabsorption in early distal tubule
K wasting.

Question 5

Myotonic dystrophy

Answer 5

Type 1: young
Type 2: later
Proximal muscle weakness (walking up stairs, rising from chair)
Delayed relaxation ofmuscle. 
CCTG repeat in CNBP gene.

Question 6

Cherry red spot in macula

Answer 6

Tay Sachs
And
Nieman Pick (Hepatosplenomegaly)
Both AR.

Question 7

Tay Sachs

Answer 7

Hexosaminadase A (acts from GM2 to GM3)
Cherry red spto on macula
Lysosomes with onion skin
Progressive neurodegeneration
Loss of milestones

Question 8

Rituximab

Answer 8

Anti-CD20

For large B cell lymphoma.

Question 9

Monday disease

Answer 9

Nitroglycerine withdrawl (vasoD) leads to headaches, dizziness, palpitations on mondays.

Question 10

Fluoxetine

Answer 10

SSRI (Floaxetine, paroxetine, citalopram, certaline) FAT PUSSY CANT COME.
Best for suicidal ideation

Question 11

Metformin

Answer 11

Lactic acidosis. (Normal = 8-12)
anion gap high = MUDPILES (methanol, uremia, diabetic ketoacidosis, paraldehyde, isoniazid, lactic acidosis, ehtylene glycol, salicylates).

Question 12

virilization of C. Diptheriae

Answer 12

Phage infection and transmission of exotoxin

Also, S. Pyogenes, C. Botulinum

Question 13

Mask hypoglycemia

Answer 13

Nonselective beta blockers (N-Z)

Question 14

Serotonin snydrome

Answer 14

Combining SSRIs with MAO.

Question 15

Lithium toxicity

Answer 15

Memory impairement, lethargy, coarse hand tremors

Blurred vision, hyperreflexia. Diabetes inspideous.

Question 16

Lithium neonatal complication

Answer 16

Increased Ebstein
Downward displacement of tricuspid. Adheres to right ventricle wall. = large atrium, small ventricle, thin proximal right atrium

Question 17

Zileuton

Answer 17

Asthma

5-lipoxogenase inhibitor (blocks arachodinoic acid to leukotriene)

Question 18

MEN II (A/B)

Answer 18

RET protooncogene mutated.

Autosomal Dominant

Question 19

Methimazole

Answer 19

Inhibits endogenous syntehsis of thyroxine

Drug of choice for excessive thyroid hormone secretion

Question 20

Clindamycin MoA

Answer 20

Blocks 50s ribosomal subunit

Question 21

Macrolide moa

Answer 21

Bind 23S rRNA

Question 22

Adenosine

Answer 22

Abolish atrioventricular nodal arrythmia (like paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, PSVT).
Hyperpolarizes AV, conduction slowed.

Question 23

Tacrolimus

Answer 23

Metabolized by 3A
Inhibits calcineurin (preventing IL2 trancription)

Question 24

Milk of magnesia

Answer 24

Reflux medication (magnesium hydroxide)
Cause diarrhea, volume deplretion, and fatigue

Question 25

Treatment for subacute endocarditis

Answer 25

Strep viridans | Penicillin w or w/o aminoglycosides

Question 26

Benzodiazepine toxicity

Answer 26

Flumazenil

Question 27

Inhibit VEGF

Answer 27

Ranibizumab Pegptanib Used for age-related macular degenration and colon, breast, non-small cell cancer

Question 28

HIT

Answer 28

Heprain induced thrombocytopenia | Stop and replace with thrombin inhibitor (lepirudim, bivalirudin, dabigatran, argatroban)

Question 29

Thyroid precurosr

Answer 29

Tyrosine | But phenylalanine is a precursor to thyrosine

Question 30

Floroquinolones precaution

Answer 30

Divalent cations

Question 31

Cisplatin

Answer 31

Alkylating agent | Nephrotoxicity and acoustic nerve damage (hearing loss)

Question 32

TCA toxicity

Answer 32

Nortriptyline Coma, Convulsions, Caridotox (sinus tach). Anticholinergic effects

Question 33

Hodkin lymphoma

Answer 33

``` Owl eye inclusions treatment: AVDB Adriamycin (doxorubacin) Bleomycine Vinblastine Dacarbazine ```

Question 34

Midline fusion of neural folds

Answer 34

Third week fo fetal life. By 4 if no closure = neural tube defects B9, folate, protects Bipolar, epilepsy, or valproate use = increase risk

Question 35

Define parastesia

Answer 35

Tingling

Question 36

Progressive fatigue, lower extremity parestesia, megalobalstic RBCs

Answer 36

``` Pernitious anemia (leads to atrophic gastritus). Upper glandular tissue affected (under collumnar cells) ```

Question 37

Suppression

Answer 37

Puts aside unpleasant thoughts to better cope with reality

Question 38

Heteroplasmy

Answer 38

Mitochondrial inheritence being different b/c of mitochondria received

Question 39

Mechanical RBC destruction

Answer 39

Common with prostetic valve. Excessive shear

Question 40

Internal branch of laryngeal nerve

Answer 40

When bone stuck in throat | Lose cough reflex

Question 41

Amiodarone

Answer 41

``` Class 3 antiarryhtmic QT prolonged, sinus bradyC. Interstitial pneumonitis Hypothyroid, hyperthyroid Hepatitis Optic neuropathy Blue/gray skin Peripheral neuropathy ```

Question 42

PaO2 and PaCO2 in exercise

Answer 42

Close to resting value b/c of componseation. | Hyper ventilation, improved V/Q matching

Question 43

Laplace law

Answer 43

For alveolar pressure P=2T/r T is surface tension, radius is r. Smaller collapses.

Question 44

Vitamin D

Answer 44

7deOHcholesterol to D3/D2 (dietary) in skin D3 to 25OH2D (25 hydroxylase) 25OH2D to 1,25D(1-alpha-hydroxylase)