mcp: endocrine

Question 1

Which thyroid hormone more potent?

Answer 1

T3

Question 2

Which thyroid hormone more available?

Answer 2

T4

Question 3

thyroid

Answer 3

Regulates metabolism, growth, development, and more

Question 4

Hypothyroidism def

Answer 4

Deficient thyroid hormone production

Question 5

Potential causes, hypothyroidism:

Answer 5

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Severe iodine deficiency
Congenital hypothyroidism

Question 6

Hyperthyroidism def

Answer 6

Excess thyroid hormone production

Question 7

Potential causes, hyperthyroidism:

Answer 7

Graves’ disease
Thyroid nodule
Postpartum thyroiditis

Question 8

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 8

Weight gain
Cold intolerance
Weakness
Fatigue
Hair loss
Decreased libido
Constipation

Question 9

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 9

Weight loss
Heat intolerance
Sweating
Increased heart rate
Irritability
Nervousness
Exophthalmos

Question 10

Hypothyroidism treatment

Answer 10

Thyroid hormone replacement therapy

Question 11

Hyperthyroidism treatment

Answer 11

Anti-thyroid medications
Radioactive iodine treatment
Surgical removal of thyroid gland

Question 12

Levothyroxine MOA

Answer 12

Synthetic thyroid hormone

thyroxine (T4)

Question 13

Levothyroxine dosing

Answer 13

Titration is necessary
Dose varies depending on the patient
Doses between 25-200 mcg per day common

Question 14

Levothyroxine administration

Answer 14

• Take in the morning on an empty stomach
• 30-60 minutes before first meal of the day
• Take with a full glass of water

Question 15

Levothyroxine separation:

Answer 15

-Separate from the following by 4 hours:
Antacids
Iron supplements
Multivitamins

Question 16

Levothyroxine side effects

Answer 16

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism

Decreased bone mineral density

Question 17

Levothyroxine drug interxn

Answer 17

• Antacids, iron supplements, multivitamins (may decrease absorption of levothyroxine)
• Warfarin
• Amiodarone

Question 18

Levothyroxine Precautions/Warnings

Answer 18

• cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac arrest
• cardiovascular disease
• older adults
• Boxed Warning: should not be used to treat obesity or for weight loss

Question 19

Levothyroxine contraindications

Answer 19

• Recent acute myocardial infarction

- Uncorrected adrenal insufficiency

Question 20

Levothyroxine time of effect

Answer 20

Symptomatic improvement within 2 weeks

May take 6-8 weeks to see normalized TSH levels

Question 21

Levothyroxine TSH level monitoring

Answer 21

Every 6-8 weeks until normalized
Every 8-12 weeks after dose changes
Every 6-12 months throughout therapy

Question 22

Levothyroxine discontinuation

Answer 22

Do not abruptly discontinue

Question 23

Osteoporosis population

Answer 23

• Most commonly affects those over 50 years of age

- 80% of those affected are women

Question 24

Osteoporosis risk factors, demographic

Answer 24

• Older age
• Female
• Caucasian or Asian
• Family history of osteoporosis

Question 25

Osteoporosis risk factors, intake

Answer 25

- Inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake - Smoking - Excessive alcohol intake

Question 26

Osteoporosis risk factors, others

Answer 26

- Physical inactivity | - Certain illnesses and medications