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Personality > MCQ Week 1 > Flashcards

MCQ Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Personality

A

Psychological qualities that contribute to an individuals enduring and distinctive patterns of feeling, thinking and behaving.

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2
Q

Scientific Observation

A

Large and diverse groups, Objective observations, Specialised tools

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3
Q

Systematic

A

Ideas related in a logical coherent way

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4
Q

Testable

A

Needs proof

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5
Q

Comprehensive

A

All psychological significant aspects should be discussed

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6
Q

Applied value

A

Theory can solve problems (therapy)

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7
Q

L-O-T-S of Data

A

Life (life records), Observer (Observer data from knowledgeable observers), Test (Data from experimental procedures or standardised tests), Subject (Information from subject themselves)

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8
Q

Stoeber et al. (2010); S- and T-Data

A

Striving for perfection predicts task performance via time on task

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9
Q

Idiographic Strategies (flexible)

A

Case studies, Situation/person specific, Open ended questions

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10
Q

Nomothetic Strategies (fixed)

A

Correlational Research, Lab Studies and Experimental Research

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11
Q

Correlation (Cohen) r; Small Medium, Large

A

Small .10; Medium .30; Large .50

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12
Q

Big Five (OCEAN)

A

Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

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13
Q

Reliability

A

Observations can be replicated, measures are dependable, exact and consistent

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14
Q

Validity

A

Observations reflect the phenomena of interest, measures what it is designed to

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15
Q

Internal Consistency

A

Consistency within the same measure

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16
Q

Test-Retest Reliability

A

Consistency over time

17
Q

Parallel-Test Reliability

A

Consistent between two forms of the same measure

18
Q

Interrater Reliability

A

Consistency between two raters

19
Q

Construct Validity

A

Actually measures the construct it was designed to measure

20
Q

Convergent Validity

A

Does it show high correlations with other measures that measure the same or related constructs

21
Q

Discriminant Validity

A

Does the measure show lower correlations with other measures that have been demonstrated to measure a different construct or unrelated constructs

22
Q

Content Validity

A

Do items of a measure adequately represent a broader class of feelings, thoughts or behaviours

23
Q

Criterion Validity

A

Does the measure correlate with a separate criterion as is expected according to theory

24
Q

Hierarchy

A

A system in which some units are higher in order and therefore in control of the functions of other units

25
Q

Personality

A

Those characteristics of the person that account for consistency patterns of experience and action

26
Q

Process

A

In personality theory, the concept that refers to the motivational aspects of personality

27
Q

Structure

A

In personality theory, the concept that refers to the more enduring and stable aspects of personality

28
Q

System

A

A collection of highly interconnected parts that function together; in the study of personality, distinct psychological mechanisms may function together as a system that produces the psychological phenomena of personality

29
Q

Temperament

A

Biologically based emotional and behavioural tendencies that are evident in early childhood

30
Q

Trait

A

An enduring psychological characteristic of an individual; or a type of psychological construct that refers to such characteristics

31
Q

Type

A

A cluster of personality trait that may constitute a qualitatively distinct category of persons (personality type)

32
Q

Units of analysis

A

A concept that refers to the basic variables of a theory; different personality theories invoke different types of variables, or different basic units of analysis, in conceptualizing personality structure

33
Q

Demand characteristics

A

Cues that are implicit (hidden) in the experimental setting and influence the subjects behaviour

34
Q

Response style

A

The tendency of some subjects to respond to test items in a consistent, patterned way that has to do with the form of the questions or answers rather than their content

Personality (3 decks)

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