measures of the circulatory system Flashcards
what are the 4 measures of the circulatory system
cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate and blood pressure
cardiac output (Q)
is the amount of blood pumped out by the heart in one minute (L/min)
cardiac output formula
Q=SV x HR
cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate
stroke volume (SV)
is the amount of blood that is pumped out of the left ventricle each beat
-measured in ml/beat
stroke volume measured by
by subtracting the end systolic volume (ESV) from the end diastolic volume (EDV)
SV=EDV-ESV
example
SV= 130ml (EDV) -60ml (ESV)
SV=70ml
what is diastole
when your heart is at rest during relaxation phase of the heart’s pumping action (it fills the left ventricle with blood about 130ml) (EDV)
systole
when the heart is contracting during the contractile phase of the hearts pumping action (it pushes most of the blood out to the arteries, leaving about 60ml of blood in the left ventricle (ESV)
what is the average resting heart rate
is about 70-75bm
what is a heart rate
it is the number of times your heart beats every minute (bmp)
the heart during exercise
each individual has a maximum heart rate which is the fastest that their heart is able to beat
heart rate formula
Maximum heart rate (MHR) = 220-0.7 x age
how is blood pressure measured
by a sphygmomanometer which takes 2 reading on the brachial artery (just above the elbow)
what are the 2 reading in blood pressure
Diastolic pressure and Systolic pressure
diastolic pressure is
a measure of the blood pressure against the artery walls during the relaxation phase of the heart’s pumping action
Systolic pressure is
is the measure of the pressure that the blood exerts against the artery walls during the contractile stage of the hearts pumping action
What are the factors the an individuals blood pressure is affected by
age, gender, stress, diet and exercise
having high blood pressure puts stress on ur heart and can lead to …
angina, heart attacks and strokes
factor of age
individuals blood pressure increases as you get older
factor of gender
men tend to have higher blood pressure than women
factors of stress
it can cause increased blood pressure
factors of diet
salt and saturated fats can increase blood pressure
factors of exercise
the fitter you are the lower you blood pressure is likely to be
