mechanical systems unit test

Question 1

what is a lever?

Answer 1

a machine consisting of a bar that is free to rotate around a fixed point, changing the amount of force that must be exerted to move the object

Question 2

what is a fulcrum?

Answer 2

the point of a lever that does not move

Question 3

what is the effort arm?

Answer 3

in a lever, the distance between the fulcrum and the effort force

Question 4

what is the effort force

Answer 4

the force supplied to any machine to produce an action

Question 5

what is input work?

Answer 5

work done on a machine

Question 6

what is output work?

Answer 6

work done by the machine on the load

Question 7

what is mechanical advantage?

Answer 7

the ratio of the force produced by the machine or system (the load) to the force applied to the machine or system (effort force)

Question 8

what is speed?

Answer 8

the rate of motion or the rate at which an object changes shape

Question 9

what is a wheel and axle?

Answer 9

a machine that consists of two turning objects attached to eachother at their centers.
one object causes the other to turn

Question 10

what is a gear?

Answer 10

rotating wheel like device with teeth around its rim

Question 11

what is a speed ratio?

Answer 11

the relationship between the speed rotations of a smaller gear and a larger gear

Question 12

what is a pulley?

Answer 12

wheel with a grooved rim to guide a rope/chain that runs along the groove
used to transmit or change the direction of the force

Question 13

what is friction?

Answer 13

force that resists the sliding or rolling of one solid object over another

Question 14

what is efficiency?

Answer 14

the ratio of useful work or energy provided by a machine/system with the actual work/energy supplied to the machine

Question 15

what is potential energy?

Answer 15

stored energy

Question 16

what is kinetic energy?

Answer 16

energy of motion

Question 17

what is pascals law?

Answer 17

pressure applied to a confined fluid (like water or oil) is transmitted equally to every point within the fluid and the container

Question 18

what is pressure?

Answer 18

a force acting perpendicular to a certain surface area

Question 19

what is a force?

Answer 19

a push or pull (or anything casuing change in motion) on an object

Question 20

what is area?

Answer 20

the amount of surface which is measured in square units

Question 21

what is a piston?

Answer 21

located in an engine.
disc shaped part fitting tightly in a cylinder in which some force (steam pressure) moves in back and forth or up or down

Question 22

what is a closed system?

Answer 22

system having a boundry that seperates it from its surroundings

Question 23

what are pneumatics?

Answer 23

the study of pressure in gasses

Question 24

what are hydraulic systems?

Answer 24

device that transmits an applied force through a liquid to move something else by means of pressure

Question 25

what is a hydraulic lift?

Answer 25

a type of mechanical system that uses a liquid under pressure in a closed system to raise heavy objects

Question 26

what are joules?

Answer 26

unit used to measure work 1J = a force of 1N moving through 1m

Question 27

what is a load?

Answer 27

the weight of an object that is moved/lifted by a machine, or the resisteance to movement that a machine must overcome

Question 28

what is the formula for work?

Answer 28

W= work F= force D= Distance W=Fx D F= W/D D= W/F

Question 29

what is the formula for mechanical advantage?

Answer 29

MA = load force/effort force

Question 30

what is a class 1 lever?

Answer 30

fulcrum is located between the effort and the load

Question 31

what is a class 2 lever?

Answer 31

load is located between the effort and the fulcrum

Question 32

what is a class 3 lever?

Answer 32

effort is located between the load and fulcrum