Mechanical Ventilation

Question 1

what is Trigger variable

Answer 1

It starts the inspiratory part of a positive pressure breath

Question 2

What is Mechanical Ventilation?

Answer 2

Mechanical Ventilation is a form of therapy that is used on patients who are unable to breathe on their own.

A certain level of ventilation is required in order to maintain the proper levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body.
This process is referred to as Gas Exchange

Question 3

What is Gas Exchange

Answer 3

A certain level of ventilation is required in order to maintain the proper levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body.

Question 4

Mechanical Ventilator

Answer 4

a Mechanical Ventilator is a machine that aids in a
patient’s ability ventilate. That’s where it gets its name. In other words, it helps the patient take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the lungs

Question 5

Benefits of Mechanical Ventilation

Answer 5

• It helps decrease the patient’s work of breathing which helps the respiratory muscles rest and recover.
• It helps the patient get adequate amounts of oxygen.
• It provides stability and allows medications to work while the patient heals.

• It helps the patient achieve adequate ventilation by
removing carbon dioxide for effective gas exchange.

• There are many benefits of Mechanical Ventilation. These are just some of the most common examples.

Question 6

Barotrauma

Answer 6

This is a condition in which the alveoli of the lungs rupture due to overinflation from increased pressure levels.
As a result, the lungs collapse which leads to very serious lung conditions that can affect breathing.

Question 7

Volutrauma

Answer 7

This condition occurs when the alveoli become filled with fluid due to high tidal volumes.

Tidal volume refers to the amount of the air
transported into the lungs during inhalation.

Volutrauma commonly occurs in patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and those who had a blood transfusion.

Question 8

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP)

Answer 8

This condition is a lung infection that develops 48 hours or more after a patient has been intubated and placed on the ventilator.

Because Mechanical Ventilation involves the insertion of tubes into the airway, this increases the chances of various microorganisms entering the lungs

Question 9

Auto-PEEP

Answer 9

Auto-PEEP, or Intrinsic PEEP, is characterized by over-inflation of the lungs due to large tidal volumes, restrictive airways, or a prolonged inhalation time.

If left untreated, this condition can progress to barotrauma and collapsed lungs.

Question 10

Oxygen Toxicity

Answer 10

This occurs when a patient receives too much oxygen for too long of a period of time.

In general, patients who receive an FiO2 > 60% for extended periods of time are at risk of oxygen toxicity.

Question 11

What are the 4 Types of Mechanical Ventilation?

Answer 11

1. Positive pressure ventilation
2. Negative pressure ventilation
3. Invasive mechanical ventilation
4. Noninvasive mechanical ventilation

Question 12

Indications for Mechanical Ventilation

Answer 12

1. Insufficient Oxygenation
2. Insufficient Ventilation
3. Acute Lung Injury
4. Severe Asthma
5. Severe Hypotension
6. Inability to Protect the Airway

Question 13

Insufficient Oxygenation
( Indication for Mechanical Ventilation 1 )

Answer 13

Inadequate oxygenation, which is known as hypoxemia, can impact the functionality of tissues and vital organs in the body if left untreated.

Mechanical Ventilation helps treat hypoxemia by providing a sufficient amount of oxygen into the lungs so that it can be distributed throughout the body.

Question 14

Insufficient Ventilation
( Indication for Mechanical Ventilation 2 )

Answer 14

Healthy lungs work to remove carbon dioxide from the body.

Mechanical ventilatory support is indicated if the patient has inadequate ventilation by the lungs.

It’s common in conditions with apnea, chronic respiratory acidosis, such as COPD, and neuromuscular disorders.

Question 15

Acute Lung Injury

Indication for Mechanical Ventilation 3

Answer 15

An acute injury to the lungs that occurs from an event such as sepsis, pneumonia, aspiration, or trauma.

Question 16

Severe Asthma
( Indication for Mechanical Ventilation 4 )

Answer 16

Mechanical Ventilation may be indicated in patients who are experiencing a severe asthma attack that requires intubation.

Question 17

Severe Hypotension
( Indication for Mechanical Ventilation 5 )

Answer 17

Mechanical Ventilation may be indicated in severe episodes of low blood pressure, such as with shock, sepsis, and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Question 18

Inability to Protect the Airway

Indication for Mechanical Ventilation 6

Answer 18

An unconscious patient with breathing difficulties may be at an increased risk for aspiration.

Aspiration occurs when the patient accidentally inhales nasal and oral secretions directly into the lungs.

Establishing a patent airway and maintaining spontaneous breathing via Mechanical Ventilation can help prevent this from occurring.

Question 19

What is a Ventilator Mode?

Answer 19

A ventilator mode is a way of describing how the mechanical ventilator assists the patient with inspiration.

The characteristics of a particular mode controls how the ventilator functions.

Understanding the different ventilator modes is one of the most important aspects of mechanical ventilation.

Question 20

Primary Control Variables:

Answer 20

In mechanical ventilation, there are two primary control variables:

1. Volume Control
2. Pressure Control

Question 21

Volume Control

Answer 21

Volume Control means that you can set (or control) the patient’s
tidal volume.
So with a set tidal volume and a set respiratory rate, this means
that there is a known minute ventilation. This is good when it
comes to making adjustments to achieve a desired PaCO2.
One of the negative aspects of using Volume Control is that, since
the tidal volume is preset, if the patients lung compliance were to
decrease, this could result in high peak pressures.
Another drawback of Volume Control is patient-ventilator
dyssynchrony.