Mechanisms Of Cell Injury Flashcards
(16 cards)
Causes of ATP depletion ?
Hypoxia
Mitochondrial damage
What is the mechanisms of mitochondrial damage?
Damage of mitochondria membrane
Apoptosis
Damage of mitochondrial membrane lead to ?
Mitochondria permeability transition pore
What does the phenomen do?
Increase membrane permeability
Change ph
ATP depletion
What are the cause of increase mitochondria permeability?
Increase cytosolic calcium
Reactive oxygen species
Hypoxia and toxins
How cell die by apoptosis?
There are proteins bt inner and outer membrane the activate enzyme called Caspas (increase mitochondrial permeability ->leakage of proteins to cytosol and mitochondrial death )
What play a key role in survive and death of mitochondria?
Cy c
How to kept 0,1 umol of calcium intercellular ?
Kept it in
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic reticulum
Sacroplasmic reticulum
Causes of increase cytosolic ca+2 ?
Toxins
Ischemia
What enzymes activated by increase in cytosolic calcium and their cellular defects ?
Phospholipase : membrane
Protease : membrane and cytoskeleton
Adenine triphosphatase : ATP depletion
Endonucleases: DNA and chromatin fragments
The mechanisms of loss of calcium homeostasis in apoptosis ?
Direct activation to caspas
Increase mitochondrial permeability
What is ROS?
Type of oxygen derived free radical their role is well established in cell injury
Mention types of free radical ?
CHO
Proteins
Lipids
What is the oxidative stress?
It is the accumulation of ROS and free radicals in the cell
What happen if oxygen carry less than four molecules?
1 superoxide anion -02
2 hydrogen peroxide
3 hydroxy ion OH
Mention cell antioxidants and their role?
Vit (ACE) : neutralize free radicals
Superoxide dismutase
Catalase : H2O2
Glutathione peroxidase: hydroxy ion
