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Paramedic > Med MOA, indi/contra indications > Flashcards

Med MOA, indi/contra indications Flashcards

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1
Q

Etomidate

A

(Amidate)
MOA: short acting hypnotic
Indi: sedation
contra: allergy, L&D, septic shock

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2
Q

Cetacaine

A

Benzocaine
MOA: pain relief
indi: suppress gag reflex, anesthetic
contra: allergy

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3
Q

Ketamine

A

MOA: blocks pain receptors
indi: excited delirium, pain management, sedation
Contra: allergy, hypertension (sometimes)

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4
Q

Midazolam

A

Versed
MOA: sedative, anxiolytic (decreases anxiety), amnesic, hypnotic effects
indi: seizures, sedation, chemical restraint
contra: shock, coma, alcohol, OD, depressed VS

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5
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Neo-Synephrine
MOA: stimulates adrenergic (adrenaline) receptors causing peripheral vasoconstriction
Indi: hypotension
Contra: allergic, hypertension, VT

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6
Q

Rocuronium

A

MOA: skeletal muscle paralysis
Indi: RSI
Contra: sensitivity

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7
Q

Succinylcholine

A

MOA: Ultra short acting depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant
Indi: RSI/DSI
Contra: eye injuries, hyperthermia, multi system trauma, major burns

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8
Q

Vecuronium

A

MOA: Skeletal muscle relaxer
Indi: RSI/DSI
Contra: eye injuries, newborns, renal failure

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9
Q

Fentanyl

A

MOA: pain reliever
Indi: pain management, anesthesia adjunct
Contra: allergic, cautious of TBI

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10
Q

Morphine

A

MOA: pain reliever, suppresses fear & anxiety, decreases preload & after load which decreases myocardial O2 demand
Indi: heart failure, cardiogenic pulm edema, AMI
Contra: head injury, COPD, depressed resp drive, hypotension, ABD pain, decreased LOC, Hypovolemia

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11
Q

Tranexamic Acid

A

TXA
MOA: reduces plasminogen activation, mitigating conversion to plasmin
Indi: Blunt or penetrating trauma less than 3 h from onset, bleeding
Contra: allergic, MOI >3h, subarachnoid hemorrhage, PE, DVT, other thromboembolic disorders

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12
Q

Adenosine

A

MOA: slows conduction through the AV node; and interrupt reentrant AV nodal pathways
Indi: narrow tachy, SVT, diagnostically,
Contra: allergic, 2nd & 3rd degree block, SSS, asthma, COPD

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13
Q

Amiodarone

A

MOA: blocks sodium, potassium, & calcium channels; prolongs the action potential in order to slow down HR
Indi: stable reg narrow complex tachy, irregular narrow tachy (AF); VT, VF
Contra: allergic, cardiogenic shock, 2nd/3rd degree block, SSS, pacemaker

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14
Q

Aspirin

A

MOA: prevents platelets to clump together
Indi: new onset chest discomfort suggestive of ACS
Contra: allergic, active ulcer disease, asthma

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15
Q

Atropine

A

MOA: increases HR in Brady
Indi: Brady, organophosphate poisoning, beta or calcium channel blocker OD
Contra: tachy, allergic, hemorrhage with MI, hypothermic Brady

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16
Q

Calcium Chloride & Gluconate

A

MOA: counteracts hyperK, increases cardiac contracility
Indi: hyperK, hypocalcemia, hypermagnesemia, beta & calcium channel blocker OD
Contra: VF, digitalis toxicity, hypercalcemia

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17
Q

Clopidogrel

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A

Plavix
MOA inhibits platelet aggregation
Indi: STEMI, NSTEMI, ACS, substitute for aspirin
Contra: Active GI bleed, intracranial hemorrhage, allergic

18
Q

Diltiazem

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A

Cardizem
MOA: Inhibits calcium across membranes - causing vasodilation
Indi: narrow QRS tachy, AFib, AFlutter
Contra: allergic, hypotension, wide tachy, 2nd/3rd block, SSS, pacemaker, WPW

19
Q

Dobutamine

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A

MOA: increases contractility, stroke volume, CO
Indi: cardiogenic shock, heart failure
Contra: allergic, shock without fluid enough fluid, poison/drug induced shock

20
Q

Dopamine

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A

MOA: constricts systemic vasculature, increasing BP & preload. Increases myocardial contractility & stroke volume
Indi: cardio/septic/distributive shock, hypotension, symptom Brady
Contra: allergic, hypovolemic shock, tachy

21
Q

Enalapril

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A

MOA: Angiotensin II constricts blood vessels, increasing blood pressure
Indi: HF, hypotension
Contra: aortic stenosis, MI, stroke, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, collagen vascular disease

22
Q

Epinephrine

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A

MOA: vasoconstriction, broncho dilation, blocks histamine receptors
Indi: cardiac arrest, Brady, hypotension, allergic reaction, asthma
Contra: Relative - hypertension, hypothermia, pulm edema, MI, hypovolemic shock

23
Q

Furosemide

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A

Lasix
MOA: blocks the absorption of sodium and chloride at distal and proximal tubules and the loop of henle, causing increased urine output
Indi: HF, pulm edema, hypertensive crisis
Contra: hypovolemia, hypotension, allergic, suspected electrolyte imbalances

24
Q

Labetalol

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A

MOA: BP reduction without reflex tachy; total peripheral resistance reduced without significant alteration in CO
Indi: moderate - severe hypertension
Contra: bronchial asthma, HF, cardiogenic shock, 2nd/3rd heart block, Brady

25
Lidocaine
MOA: cardiac - decreases automaticity by slowing rate of phase 4 depolarization Local anesthetic - blocks conduction of normal nerve impulses Indi: alternative for Amio in cardiac arrest VT, VF, stable wide tachy. Contra: allergic, 2nd/3rd heart block, MI, wide Brady
26
Metoprolol
MOA: decreases HR, conduction velocity, myocardial contractility, CO. Used to control SVT (PSVT, AF, Aflutter) Indi: PSVT, Aflutter, AF, reduces ischemia in pts with AMI Contra: HF, 1st/2nd/3rd heart block, SSS, cardio shock, Brady
27
Nitroglycerin
MOA: Dilation of arterioles & veins in the periphery. Reduces reload & afterload, decreasing workload of heart & myocardial O2 Indi: acute angina pectoris, ischemic chest pain, hypertension, HF, pulm edema Contra: hypotension, hypovolemia, brain bleed, Brady, tachy
28
Ondansetron
Zofran MOA: blocks action of serotonin, natural substance that causes N/V Indi: prevention & control of N/V. Contra: allergic
29
Procainamide
MOA: suppresses phase 4 depolarization in normal ventricular muscle & purkinje fibers, reduces ectopic pacemaker’s automaticity; suppresses intraventricular conduction Indi: stable monomorphic VT, reentry SVT, stable wide tachy, AF, WPW Contra: torsades, 2nd/3rd heart block, preexisting QT prolongation, digitalis toxicity, tricyclic antidepressant OD
30
Promethazine
MOA: blocks histamine; possesses sedative, anti motion, antiemetic, & anticholinergic; Indi: N/V, motion sickness, sedation for pts in labor, potentiates the analgesic effects of narcotics Contra: coma, CNS depression, barbiturates, narcotics, asthma
31
Sodium Bicarb
MOA: buffers metabolic acidosis & lactic acid buildup in the body caused by anaerobic metabolism secondary to severe hypoxia Indi: metabolic acidosis during arrest, tricyclic antidepressant, aspirin, phenobarbital OD, hyperK, crush injuries Contra: metabolic & resp alkalosis, hypoK, electrolyte imbalance
32
Albuterol
MOA: beta 2 agonist. Results in smooth muscle relaxation in the bronchial tree & peripheral vasculature Indi: bronchospasm, COPD, asthma Contra: allergic, dysrhythmia, tachy
33
Amyl Nitrite
MOA: reacts with cyanide & chemically binds with it, preventing any toxic effects Indi: cyanide poisoning Contra: non in emergency setting
34
Dextrose
MOA: rapidly increases serum glucose lvls Indi: hypoglycemia, AMS, unknown origin of seizure, coma; status epilepticus Contra: brain bleed
35
Diazepam
MOA: potentiates effects of inhibitory neurotransmitters. Raises the seizure threshold. Induces amnesia and sedation Indi: acute anxiety & agitation, acute alcohol withdrawal, muscle relaxant, seizure, sedation Contra: hypersensitivity, resp depression, coma, head injury
36
Diphenhydramine
Benadryl MOA: blocks histamine receptors, decreases motion sickness Indi: relief of allergies, allergic reactions & anaphylaxis. Motion sickness Contra: allergic, newborn, breastfeeding. Caution with infants, children, older adults with asthma
37
Glucagon
MOA: increases BGL by stimulating glycogenolysis. Stabilizing cardiac rhythm in beta blocker OD. Indi: AMS when hypoglycemia suspected. Reversal agent in beta/calcium blocker OD Contra: hyperglycemia, hypersensitivity
38
Haloperidol
Haldol MOA: acts on CNS to depress subcortical areas, midbrain, & ascending reticular activating system in brain Indi: acute psychotic episodes Contra: Parkinson’s disease, depressed mental status, agitation secondary to shock and hypoxia, allergic
39
Hydroxocobalamin
Cyanokit MOA: binds with cyanide to form nontoxic cyanocobalamin, preventing its toxic effects Indi: known or suspected cyanide poisoning Contra: none in emergency setting
40
Ipratropium
Atrovent MOA: inhibits interaction of acetylcholine, resulting in bronchodilation Indi: persistent bronchospasm, COPD exacerbation Contra: allergic to atropine, alkaloids, peanuts
41
Levalbuterol
MOA: stimulates beta 2 resulting in smooth muscle relaxation of bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature Indi: acute bronchospasm, COPD, asthma Contra: allergic, tachy, dysrhythmia
42
Lorazepam
MOA: anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative Indi: initial control of status epilepticus or recurrent seizures, severe anxiety, sedation, chemical restraint Contra: coma, shock, drug abuse

Paramedic (3 decks)

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