Med-Surg-Respiratory

Question 1

_________________ are used to evaluate a client’s respiratory status by checking indicators such as the oxygenation of the blood, lung functioning, and the integrity of the airway.

Answer 1

Respiratory diagnostic procedures

Question 2

Respiratory diagnostic procedures that nurses should be knowledgeable about include the following:

Answer 2

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
ABGs
Bronchoscopy
Thoracentesis

Question 3

Insertion of a ______________ into the pleural space is a therapeutic procedure that allows fluid, blood, or air to drain.

Answer 3

chest tube

Question 4

reestablishes negative pressure,, facilitates lung expansion and restores normal intrapleural pressure.

Answer 4

chest tube

Question 5

Where can a provider perform the insertion of a chest tube?

Answer 5

emergency department, client’s bedside, or in the operating room

Question 6

When does the provider remove the chest tube?

Answer 6

when the lungs have re-expanded and/or there is no more fluid drainage.

Question 7

Pulmonary function tests determine:

Answer 7

lung function and breathing difficulties

Question 8

____________ measure lung volumes and capacities, diffusion capacity, gas exchange, flow rate, airway resistance, and distribution of ventilation.

Answer 8

PFTs

Question 9

How long do you refrain from smoking before a PFT?

Answer 9

6-8 hours

Question 10

How long do you withhold the use of inhalers before a PFT?

Answer 10

4-6 hours

Question 11

A ____sample reveals the status of oxygenation and acid-base balance of the blood.

Answer 11

ABG

Question 12

the amount of free hydrogen ions in the arterial blood (H+)

Answer 12

pH

Question 13

the partial pressure of oxygen.

Answer 13

PaO2

Question 14

the partial pressure of carbon dioxide

Answer 14

PaCO2

Question 15

the concentration of bicarbonate in arterial blood

Answer 15

HCO3 -

Question 16

percentage of oxygen bound to Hgb as compared with the total amount that can be possibly carried

Answer 16

SaO2

Question 17

An RN or respiratory therapist can obtain and ABG sample by an arterial puncture or through an

Answer 17

arterial line

Question 18

Blood ____ levels can be affected by any number of disease processes (respiratory, renal, malnutrition, electrolyte imbalance, endocrine, or neurologic.

Answer 18

pH

Question 19

______ data is helpful in assisting in monitoring the effectiveness of various treatments (such as acidosis interventions), guiding oxygen therapy, and collecting data about client responses to weaning from mechanical ventilation.

Answer 19

ABG

Question 20

expected range of pH from ABG

Answer 20

7.35 - 7.45

Question 21

expected range of PaO2 from ABG

Answer 21

80-100 mm Hg

Question 22

expected range of PaCO2 from ABG

Answer 22

35-45 mm Hg

Question 23

expected range of HCO3- from ABG

Answer 23

21-28 mEq/L

Question 24

expected range of SaO2 from ABG

Answer 24

95% - 100%

Question 25

blood pH levels below 7.35 from ABG reflect

Answer 25

acidosis

Question 26

blood pH levels about 7.45 from ABG reflect

Answer 26

alkalosis

Question 27

complications of an ABG are?

Answer 27

Hematoma, arterial occlusion, air embolism

Question 28

what is it called when blood accumulates under the skin at the IV site

Answer 28

hematoma

Question 29

nursing actions for a hematoma at the IV site to obtain an ABG?

Answer 29

Observe for changes in temp, swelling, color, loss of pulse, or pain. Notify charge nurse or provider immediately if symptoms persist, apply pressure to the hematoma site.

Question 30

During an ABG if air enters the arterial system upon catheter insertion it is called?

Answer 30

an air embolism

Question 31

what are the nursing actions for an air embolism?

Answer 31

place the client on his left side in the trendelenburg position, monitor the client for a sudden onset of SOB, decrease in SaO2 levels, chest pain, anxiety and air hunger. notify the charge nurse or provider immediately if symptoms occur, administer oxygen therapy, assist in obtaining ABGs, continue to collect data about the clients respiratory status for any deterioration.

Question 32

______________ permits visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi through either a flexible fiber optic bronchoscope or a rigid bronchoscope.

Answer 32

bronchoscopy

Question 33

In what settings can bronchoscopy can be performed:

Answer 33

outpatient procedure, surgical suite under general anesthesia or at the bedside under local anesthesia and moderate (conscious) sedation.

Question 34

bronchoscopy can be performed on clients who are receiving mechanical ventilation by ins3erting the scope through _________________

Answer 34

the clients endotracheal tube