Med Term, Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
(240 cards)
0
Q
Acromion
A
Part of the scapula that connects to the clavicle.
1
Q
Acetabulum
A
Cup-shaped depression in the hip bone into which the top of the femur fits.
2
Q
Amohiathrosis
A
Cartilaginous joint having some movement at the union of two bones.
3
Q
Ankle
A
Hinged area between the lower leg bones and the bones of the foot.
4
Q
Articular cartilage
A
Cartilage at a joint.
5
Q
Articulation
A
Point at which two bones join together to allow movement.
6
Q
Atlas
A
First cervical vertebra.
7
Q
Axis
A
Second cervical vertebra.
8
Q
Bone
A
Hard connective tissue that forms the skeleton of the body.
9
Q
Bone head
A
Upper, rounded end of a bone.
10
Q
Bone phagocyte
A
Bone cell that ingests dead bone and bone debris.
11
Q
Bursa
A
Sac lines with a synovial membrane that fills the spaces between tendons and joints.
12
Q
Calcaneus
A
Heel bone.
13
Q
Calcium
A
Mineral important in the formation of bone.
14
Q
Cancellous bone
A
Spongy bone with a latticelike structure.
15
Q
Cardiac muscle
A
Striated involuntary muscle of the heart.
16
Q
Carpus, carpal bone
A
Wrist; wrist bone.
17
Q
Cartilage
A
Flexible connective tissue found in joints, fetal skeleton, and the lining of various parts of the body.
18
Q
Cartilaginous disk
A
Thick, circular mass if cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column.
19
Q
Cervical vertebrae
A
Seven vertebrae of the spinal column located in the neck.
20
Q
Clavicle
A
Curved bone of the shoulder that joins to the scapula; collar bone.
21
Q
Coccyx
A
Small bone consisting of four fused vertebrae at the end if the spinal column; tailbone.
22
Q
Compact bone
A
Hard bone with a tightly woven structure.
23
Q
Condyle
A
Rounded surface at the end of a bone.
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Crest
Bony ridge.
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Diaphysis
Long middle section of a long bone; shaft.
26
Diarthoses
Freely moveable joints.
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Disk
Thick, circular mass of cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column.
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Dorsal vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae.
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Elbow
Joint between the upper arm and the forearm.
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Endosteum
Lining of the medullary cavity.
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Epiphyseal plate
Cartilaginous tissue that is replaced during growth years, but eventually calcifies and disappears when growth stops.
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Ethmoid bone
Irregular bone of the face attached to the sphenoid bone.
33
Ethmoid sinuses
Sinuses on both sides of the nasal cavities between each eye and the sphenoid sinuses.
34
Fascia
Sheet of fibrous tissue that encloses muscles.
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Femur
Long bone of the thigh.
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Fibula
Smallest long bone of the lower leg.
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Fissure
Deep furrow or slit.
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Flat bones
Thin, flattened bones that cover certain areas, as of the skull.
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Fontanelle
Soft, membranous section on top of an infant's skull.
40
Foramen
Opening or perforation through a bone.
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Foramen magnum
Opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.
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Fossa
Depression, as in a bone.
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Frontal bone
Large bone of the skull that forms the top of the head and forehead.
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Frontal sinuses
Sinuses above the eyes.
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Heel
Back, rounded portion of the foot.
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Humerus
Long bone of the arm connecting to the scapula on top and the radius and ulna at the bottom.
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Ilium
Wide portion of the hip bone.
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Insertion
Point at which a muscle attaches to a movable bone.
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Intervertebral disk
Thick, circular mass of cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column.
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Involuntary muscle
Muscle not movable at will.
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Irregular bones
Any of a group of bones with a special shape to fit into a certain areas of the skeleton, such as the skull.
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Ischium
One of three fused that form the pelvic girdle.
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Joint
Place of joining between two or more bones.
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Lacrimal bone
Thin, flat bone of the face.
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Lamina
Thin, flat part of either side of the arch of a vertebrae.
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Ligament
Sheet of fibrous tissue connecting and supporting bones; attaches bone to bone.
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Long bone
Any bone of the extremities with a shaft.
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Lumbar vertebrae
Five vertebrae of the lower back.
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Malleolus
Rounded protrusion of the tibia or fibula on either side of the ankle.
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Mandible
U-shaped bone of the lower jaw
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Mandibular bone
Mandible
62
Marrow
Connective tissue filling the medullary cavity, often right in nutrients.
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Mastoid process
Protrusion of the temporal bone that sits behind the ear.
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Maxillary bone
Bone of the upper jaw
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Maxillary sinus
Sinus on either side of the nasal cavity below the eyes.
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Medullary cavity
Soft center cavity in bone that often holds marrow.
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Metacarpal
One of five bones of the hand between the wrist and fingers.
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Metaphysis
Section of a long bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis.
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Metatarsal bones
Bones of the foot between the instep (arch) and the toes.
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Muscle
Contractile tissue that plays a major role in body movement.
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Muscoskeletal system
System of the body including the muscles and skeleton.
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Nasal bones
Bones that form the bridge of the nose.
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Nasal cavity
Cavity in either side if the nasal septum.
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Neural canal
Space through which the spinal cord passes.
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Nucleus pulposus
Fibrous mass in the center portion of the intervertebral disk.
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Occipital bone
Bone that forms the lower back portion of the skull.
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Olecranon
Curved end of ulna to which tendons of the arm muscles attach; bony prominence of the elbow.
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Origin
Point at which muscles attach to stationary bone.
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Osseous tissue
Connective tissue into which calcium salts are deposited.
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Ossification
Hardening into bone.
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Osteoblast
Cell that forms bone.
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Osteoclast
Large cell that reabsorbs and removes Osseous tissue.
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Osteocyte
Bone cell.
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Palatine bone
Bone that helps the hard palate and nasal cavity; located behind the maxillary bones.
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Parietal bone
Flat, curved bone on either side if the upper part of the skull.
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Patella
Large, Sesamoid bone that forms the kneecap.
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Pelvic cavity
Cup-shaped cavity formed by the large bones of the pelvic girdle; contains female reproductive organs, sigmoid colon, bladder, and rectum.
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Pelvic girdle
Hip bones.
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Pelvis
Cup-shaped ring of bone and ligaments at the base if the trunk.
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Periosteum
Fibrous membrane covering the surface of bone.
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Phalanges (phalanx)
Long bones of the fingers and toes.
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Phosphorus
Mineral important to the formation of bone.
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Process
Bony outgrowth or projection.
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Pubes
Anteroinferior portion of the hip bone.
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Pubic symphysis
Joint between the two public bones.
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Radius
Shorter bone if the foramen.
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Rib
One of twenty-four bones that form the chest wall.
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Sacrum
Next-to-last spinal vertebra made up of five fused bones; vertebra that forms part if the pelvis.
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Scapula
Large flat bone that forms the shoulder blade.
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Sella turcica
Bony depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located.
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Sesamoid bone
Bone formed in a tendon over a joint.
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Shin
Anterior ridge of the tibia.
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Short bones
Square-shaped bones with approximately equal dimensions on all sides.
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Sinus
Hollow cavity, especially either of two cavities on the sides of the nose.
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Skeleton
Bony framework of the body.
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Smooth muscle
Fibrous muscle of internal organs that acts involuntary.
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Sphenoid bone
Bone that forms the base if the skull.
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Sphenoid sinus
Sinus above and behind the nose.
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Spinal column
Column if vertebrae at the posterior of the body, from the neck to the coccyx.
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Spinous process
Protrusion form the center of the vertebral arch.
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Spongy bone
Bone with an open latticework filled with connective tissue or marrow.
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Sternum
Long, flat bone that forms the midline of the anterior of the thorax.
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Striated muscle
Muscle with a ribbed appearance that is controlled at will.
114
Styloid process
Peg-shaped protrusion from a bone.
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Sulcus
Groove or furrow in the surface of the bone.
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Suture
Joining of two bone parts with a fibrous membrane.
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Symphysis
Type of cartilaginous joint in uniting two bones.
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Synarthrosis
Fibrous joint with no movement.
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Synovial fluid
Fluid that serves to lubricated joints.
120
Synovial joint
A joint that moves.
121
Synovial membrane
Connective tissue lining the cavity of joints and producing the synovial fluid.
122
Tarsus, tarsal bones
Seven bones in the instep (arch of the foot).
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Temporal bone
Large bone forming the base and sides of the skull.
124
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
Joint of the lower jaw between the temporal bone and mandible.
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Tendon
Fibrous band that connects muscle to bone or other structures.
126
Thoracic vertebrae
Twelve vertebrae of the chest area.
127
Thorax
Part if the trunk between the neck and the abdomen; chest.
128
Tibia
Larger of the tow lower leg bones.
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Transverse process
Protrusion on either side if the vertebral arch.
130
Trochanter
Bony protrusion at the upper end if the femur.
131
True ribs
Seven upper ribs of the chest that attach to the sternum.
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Tubercle
Slight bony elevation to which a ligament or muscle mat be attached.
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Tuberosity
Large elevation in the surface of a bone.
134
Ulna
Larger bone if the forearm.
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Vertebra
One if the bony segments if the spinal column.
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Vertebral body
Main portion of the vertebra, separate from the arches of the vertebra.
137
Vertebral column
Spinal column.
138
Visceral muscle
Smooth muscle.
139
Vitamin D
Vitamin important to the formation of bone.
140
Voluntary muscle
Striated muscle.
141
Vomer
Flat bone forming the nasal septum.
142
Zygomatic bone
Bone that forms the cheek.
143
Acetabul(o)
Acetabulum
144
Acromi(o)
End point of the scapula
145
Ankyl(o)
Bent, crooked
146
Arthr(o)
Joint
147
Brachi(o)
Arm
148
Burs(o)
Bursa
149
Calcane(o)
Heel
150
Calci(o)
Calcium
151
Carp(o)
Wrist
152
Cephal(o)
Head
153
Cervic(o)
Neck
154
Chondr(o)
Cartilage
155
Condyl(o)
Knob, knuckle
156
Cost(o)
Rib
157
Crani(o)
Skull
158
Dactyl(o)
Fingers, toes
159
Fasci(o)
Fascia
160
Femor(o)
Femur
161
Fibr(o)
Fiber
162
Humer(o)
Humerus
163
Ili(o)
Ilium
164
Ischi(o)
Ischium
165
Kyph(o)
Hump; bent
166
Lamin(o)
Lamina
167
Leiomy(o)
Smooth muscle
168
Lumb(o)
Lumbar
169
Maxill(o)
Upper jaw
170
Metacarp(o)
Metacarpal
171
My(o)
Muscle
172
Myel(o)
Spinal cord; bone marrow
173
Oste(o)
Bone
174
Patell(o)
Knee
175
Ped(i), ped(o)
Foot
176
Pelv(i)
Pelvis
177
Phalang(o)
Finger or toe bone
178
Pod(o)
Foot
179
Pub(o)
Pubis
180
Rachi(o)
Spine
181
Radi(o)
Forearm bone
182
Rhabd(o)
Rod-shaped
183
Rhabdomy(o)
Striated muscle
184
Scalul(o)
Scapula
185
Scoli(o)
Curved
186
Spondyle(o)
Vertebra
187
Stern(o)
Sternum
188
Synov(o)
Synovial membrane
189
Tars(o)
Tarsus
190
Ten(o), tend(o), tendin(o)
Tendon
191
Thorac(o)
Thorax
192
Tibi(o)
Tibia
193
Uln(o)
Ulna
194
Vertebr(o)
Vertebra
195
A-K
Above the knee (amputation)
196
ASIS
Anterior superior iliac spine
197
B
Bilateral
198
B-K
Below the knee (amputation)
199
C1, C2, etc.
First cervical vertebra, second cervical vertebra, etc.
200
Ca
Calcium
201
CTS
Carpal tunnel syndrome
202
D1, D2, etc.
First dorsal vertebra, second dorsal vertebra, etc. (now referred to as first thoracic vertebra, second thoracic vertebra, etc.)
203
DJD
Degenerative joint disease
204
DTR
Deep tendon reflex
205
EMG
Electromyogram
206
Fx
Fracture
207
IM
Intramuscularly
208
L
Left
209
L1, L2, etc.
First lumbar vertebra, second lumbar vertebra, etc.
210
MCP
Metacarpophalangeal
211
NSAID
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
212
OA
Osteoarthritis
213
P
Phosphorus
214
PIP
Proximal interphalangeal joints
215
PSIS
Posterior superior iliac spine
216
R
Right
217
RA
Rheumatoid arthritis
218
ROM
Range of motion
219
T1, T2, etc.
First thoracic vertebra, second thoracic vertebra, etc.
220
TMJ
Temporomandibular joint
221
Arthrography
Radiography of a joint.
222
Arthroscopy
Examination with an instrument that explores the interior of a joint.
223
Bone scan
Radiographic or nuclear medicine image of a bone.
224
Chiropractor
Health care professional who works to align the spinal column so as to treat certain ailments.
225
Densitometer
Device that measures bine density using light and x-rays.
226
Diskography
Radiographic image of an intervertebral disk by injection of a contrast medium into the center of the disk.
227
Electromyogram
A graphic image of muscular action using electrical currents.
228
Goniometer
Instrument that measures angles or range if motion in a joint.
229
Myelography
Radiographic imaging of the spinal cord.
230
Orthopedist, orthopedic surgeon
Physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the musco skeletal system.
231
Osteopath
Physician who combines manipulative treatment with conventional therapeutic measures.
232
Podiatrist
Medical specialist who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the foot.
233
Rheumatoid factor test
Test used to detect rheumatoid arthritis.
234
Rheumatologist
Physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders if the joints and musculoskeletal system.
235
Serum calcium
Test for calcium in the blood.
236
Serum creatine phosphokinase
Enzyme active in muscle contraction; usually phosphokinase is elevated after a myocardial infarction and in the presence of other degenerative muscle diseases.
237
Serum phosphorus
Test for phosphorus in the blood.
238
Tinel's sign
"Pins and needles" sensation felt when an injured nerve site is tapped.
239
Uric acid test
Test for acid content in urine; elevated levels may indicate gout.
