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Health Science > Med Term Review Pt. 2 > Flashcards

Med Term Review Pt. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

goes from right side of heart to lungs and back; exchanges CO2 for O2 in lungs

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2
Q

systemic circulation

A

circulation from left side of heart to body and back; exchanges O2 for CO2 in body

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3
Q

diastole

A

ventricular relaxation; bottom number on BP monitor

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4
Q

systole

A

ventricular contraction; top number on BP monitor;

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5
Q

which number is more concerning on a BP monitor when it is really high?

A

diastole because that is when your heart is relaxing and filling up with blood

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6
Q

angina

A

severe chest pain due to ischemia to the myocardium; usually due to exertion; pain goes away once they stop what they were doing; pain can radiate into left arm and if bad enough into the back; bc of a almost or fully blocked artery (atherosclerosis –> arteriostenosis)

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7
Q

CHF

A

coronary heart failure; end stage heart disease; ventricles are so damaged they can’t pump blood to every part of the body; leads to back up of blood in the heart; the heart starts to enlarge causes the lining/walls to thin out; then scarring and adhesions occur; high BP; takes years

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8
Q

MI

A

myocardial infarction; heart attack; blockage of coronary artery which results in death of the myocardium; 10 min max to revive and do angioplasty

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9
Q

Ballon Angioplasty

A

PCTA, used in MI, uses a balloon to open up clogged artery; minimally invasive;

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10
Q

CABG

A

coronary artery bypass graft; bypassing a blocked artery w/ another artery taken from somewhere else in the body like the leg

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11
Q

hypertension

A

high BP

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12
Q

angiogram

A

used to locate blockage of artery; uses dye with catheter; fluoroscopy; live x-ray

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13
Q

flouroscopy

A

live x-ray; not showing the heart in motion; just the outline of heart; guideline

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14
Q

atherosclerosis

A

hardening of artery due to plaque

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15
Q

what can atherosclerosis cause?

A

arteriostenosis

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16
Q

arteriostenosis

A

narrowing of the artery

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17
Q

HDL

A

good cholesterol; should almost always be lower than LDL; under 200; whole grains; leafy greens; fruits

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18
Q

LDL

A

bad cholesterol; red meat, fried foods, non whole grains

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19
Q

arrhythmia

A

electrical impulse through the heart is messed up; abnormal; irregular heartbeat

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20
Q

pacemaker

A

tx for arrhythmia; internal defibrillator, regulates HR

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21
Q

function of lymphatic system

A

blood carries life sustaining O2 + nutrients to tissues

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22
Q

WBC

A

leukocyte; white blood cell; fight infections and strengthen immune system

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23
Q

RBC

A

erythrocyte; red blood cells; carry O2 to tissues and CO2 to lungs

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24
Q

thrombocyte

A

platelets; helps with clotting and coagulation

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25
Q

cell (word part)

A

cyt/o

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26
Q

red

A

erythr/o

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27
Q

deficiency

A

-penia

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28
Q

poison

A

tox/o

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29
Q

without; not

A

a-; an-

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30
Q

before; forward

A

pro-

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31
Q

large

A

macro-

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32
Q

immediately

A

STAT

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33
Q

white

A

leuk/o

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34
Q

study

A

log/o

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35
Q

rupture; bursting forth

A

-rrhage

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36
Q

eating; devouring

A

phag/o

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37
Q

one

A

mono-

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38
Q

pertaining to a blood condition

A

-emic

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39
Q

blood condition

A

-emia

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40
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus

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41
Q

blood

A

hem/o; hemat/o

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42
Q

shape; form

A

morph/o

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43
Q

clot; coagulation

A

thromb/o

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44
Q

cell (suffx)

A

-cyte

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45
Q

multiple

A

-poly

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46
Q

across

A

trans-

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47
Q

diagnosis

A

Dx

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48
Q

inflammation

A

-itis

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49
Q

new

A

neo-

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50
Q

removal

A

-pheresis

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51
Q

change; beyond

A

meta-

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52
Q

developing cell; growth

A

-blast

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53
Q

stoppage of flow

A

-stasis

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54
Q

transmission; carrying

A

-phoresis

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55
Q

pertaining to formation

A

-plastic

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56
Q

protein

A

-globulin

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57
Q

nucleus of a cell

A

kary/o

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58
Q

tumor; mass

A

-oma

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59
Q

formation; production

A

-poiesis

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60
Q

loosen; divide; cut apart

A

-lysis

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61
Q

aneurysm

A

balloon like enlargement of a blood vessel; can get anywhere but common in the brain; never in the coronary artery; can be from weakness in the walls of blood vessels, atheroma, atherosclerosis

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62
Q

ruptured aneurysm

A

stroke; kills surrounding nerve; can be due to hypertension

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63
Q

weakness in the wall present from birth, resulting in a aneurysm

A

congenital aneurysm; not common

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64
Q

carries blood away from heart

A

artery

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65
Q

carry blood to heart

A

vein

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66
Q

windpipe

A

trachea

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67
Q

throat

A

pharynx

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68
Q

voicebox

A

larynx

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69
Q

what does the pharynx do

A

transports air, water, and food

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70
Q

ventilation

A

moving air in and out of lungs

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71
Q

respiration

A

exchange of O2 and CO2

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72
Q

trachea

A

trache/o

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73
Q

cancer

A

carcin/o

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74
Q

smell (suffix)

A

-osmia

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75
Q

oxygen

A

ox/i

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76
Q

lung

A

pulmon/o

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77
Q

CF

A

cystic fibrosis

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78
Q

CXR

A

chest x-ray

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79
Q

narrowing; tightening

A

-stenosis

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80
Q

breathing; respiration

A

-pnea

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81
Q

removal (word part)

A

aspir/o

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82
Q

process of measuring

A

-metry

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83
Q

to revive

A

resuscit/o

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84
Q

CO2

A

-capnia

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85
Q

ABG

A

arterial blood gas

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86
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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87
Q

PFT

A

pulmonary function test

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88
Q

dilation; expansion

A

-ectasis

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89
Q

nose

A

nas/o

90
Q

voice

A

-phonia

91
Q

chest

A

thorac/o

92
Q

lung; air

A

pneum/o

93
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

94
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructed pulmonary disease; emphysema

95
Q

blue

A

cyan/o

96
Q

blood oxygen is decreased

A

hypoxia

97
Q

cheyne-stokes

A

breathing pattern; death rattle; apnea to hyperpnea (slow to really fast breathing); EKG is all over the map

98
Q

aspiration

A

inhaling anything other than air; can lead to pneumonia + death; rishy for immunocompromised pts; critical to watch pts after surgery bc they can feel nauseous

99
Q

atelectasis/pneumothorax

A

collapsed lung

100
Q

whats the difference btwn atelectasis and a pneumothorax?

A

atel: fluid buildup which pushes lung out of the way in pleural cavity; can be from pulmonary embolism

pneumo; outside trauma, punctured lung

101
Q

who is more common to throw clots and vomit after surgery?

A

older folks and people with heart disease b/c they are on blood thinner meds

102
Q

pleural effusion

A

fluid that causes atelectasis; usu from CHF because everything is leaking

103
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

PE; blockage in artery; common after surgery; can cause cardiac arrest

104
Q

tuberculosis

A

TB; bacterial infection; spores form in the lungs; certain strains a resistant to antibiotics; 6 months tx and isolation

105
Q

arterial blood gas

A

ABG; blood test to see oxygen saturation; more specific than mr. pinchy

106
Q

tracheostomy

A

opening in the trachea to connect to ventilator to help pt breathe

107
Q

sleep apnea

A

continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is tx; keeps airway open while you sleep (continuously blows air in pharynx and trachea so the tongue doesn’t fall back)

108
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

ET; tube that is place down the trachea; paramedic can intubate but not a EMT

109
Q

ET vs tracheostomy

A

ET is within the trachea, its a whole tube that goes down the trachea

tracheostomy is a hole cut into the trachea and connects to a ventilator

110
Q

chewing

A

mastication

111
Q

contraction and relaxation of intestines

A

peristalsis

112
Q

pooping

A

defecation

113
Q

swallowing

A

deglutination

114
Q

stomach

A

digest and break down food

115
Q

pancreas

A

produces enzymes that aid in digestion

116
Q

small intestine function

A

absorbs nutrients

117
Q

large intestine function

A

absorbs water

118
Q

liver function

A

filters out chemical and waste from blood stream; stores nutrients; makes bile; converts glycogen to glucose; breaks down fats

119
Q

barium study

A

white, chalky substance to examine GI tract

barium swallow (taken orally) duodenum and up

barium enema (through rectum) everything below

120
Q

stomach (root word)

A

gastr/o

121
Q

tooth

A

odon/o

122
Q

study of

A

-ology

123
Q

gall; bile

A

chol/e

124
Q

orange; yellow

A

cirrh/o

125
Q

appetite

A

-orexia

126
Q

enzyme

A

-ase

127
Q

abd

A

abdominal

128
Q

GERD/pyrosis

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease; heartburn; pyrosis is acute; GERD is chronic (common in overweight people and 3rd trimester pregnancies) pressure on the stomach which pushes on the esophagus, then stomach acid leads to there; can cause esophageal ulcers; can be caused by a hiatal hernia

129
Q

by mouth

A

po

130
Q

intestines (small)

A

enter/o

131
Q

liver root word

A

hepat/o

132
Q

vomitting

A

-emesis

133
Q

excess discharge; flow

A

-rrhea

134
Q

abd wall

A

lapar/o

135
Q

defecation; elimination of waste

A

-chezia

136
Q

eating; swallowing

A

-phagia

137
Q

before meals

A

ac

138
Q

irritable bowl syndrome

A

IBS

139
Q

shortness of breath

A

SOB

140
Q

colon, large intestine

A

colon/o; col/o

141
Q

specialist

A

-logist

142
Q

rectum; anus

A

proct/o

143
Q

labi/o

A

lip

144
Q

enlargement

A

-megaly

145
Q

in; within

A

endo-

146
Q

digestion

A

-pepsia

147
Q

after meal

A

pc

148
Q

NG

A

nasogastric

149
Q

ulcer

A

peptic in stomach; duodenal - erosions of mucosa of GI tract; can become perforated ulcers (sepsis and die); stomach acid makes it worse; can’t eat really or else it won’t heal

150
Q

hepatitis

A

concerned abt B + C, vaccines for both; common through needle sharing and sometimes blood transfusion, also with accident needle sticks and when pts blood is on the doc; bloodborne; hep leads to jaundice b/c of sclerosis and cirrhosis, this then leads to ascites when its end stage because liver is backed up; danger when it gets past the diaphragm b/c its getting to the lungs (symptom is SOB)

151
Q

ascite

A

fluid in the peritoneal cavity; temporary tx is diuretics and abdominocentesis

152
Q

medicine for GERD

A

pepcid AC

153
Q

medicine for pyrosis

A

tums (a base, neutralizes acid)

154
Q

esophageal varices

A

another effect of hep B +C, this is bc of cirrhosis of liver and causes back up, veins are dilated, they can rupture and lead to bleeding into the stomach; can be deadly

155
Q

who has similar conditions as a hep B or C pt?

A

alcoholics, they have all the same symptoms except the virus

156
Q

when stomach fills up blood fast..

A

you throw up blood

157
Q

when the bleeding is slow to the stomach..

A

you have blood digested and poop is black

158
Q

cirrhosis can lead to

A

esophageal varices because blood is backed up, causes the swelling you see in this condition and can rupture

159
Q

cholelithiasis

A

presence of gallstones; inflammation and pain

160
Q

chrons

A

autoimmune; causes hyperinflammation throughout the GI tract, patchy; diarrhea, pain

161
Q

celiac

A

autoimmune; inability to process gluten

162
Q

hernia

A

guts rupture into an adjacent cavity where they aren’t supposed to be; can have pyrosis with hiatal; if small they are left alone but big ones that cause symptoms require surgery; common in body builders

hiatal and inguinal are the most common

163
Q

ileus

A

blockage of GI tract; folded, twisted itself off, small intestine area, corrected with surgery immediately

164
Q

when doing a abdominocentesis for ascites

A

fluid must be removed slowly or it will cause neuro disruption, arrhythmia, basically body failure because the fluid has electrolytes

165
Q

OU

A

each eye

166
Q

O.D.

A

right eye

167
Q

AD, AS, AU

A

alzheimer’s

168
Q

cornea

A

kerat/o

169
Q

ear

A

ot/o

170
Q

on; over; upon

A

epi-

171
Q

weakness

A

-paresis

172
Q

near; beside; alongside; beyond

A

para-

173
Q

ANS

A

autonomic nervous system

174
Q

speech

A

phas/o

175
Q

CSF

A

cerebrospinal fluid

176
Q

QID

A

four times per day

177
Q

hearing root word

A

audi/o

178
Q

outward

A

ex/o

179
Q

cerumen

A

cerumen/o

180
Q

eyelid

A

blephar/o

181
Q

O.S.

A

left eye

182
Q

OD

A

doctor of optometry

183
Q

PERRLA

A

pupils are equal, round and reactive to light and accommodation

184
Q

tympanic membrane; eardrum

A

myring/o

185
Q

lamina; thin plate or layer; arch

A

lacrim/o

186
Q

half

A

hemi-

187
Q

ear condition

A

-otia

188
Q

together; with

A

con-

189
Q

head

A

cephal/o

190
Q

mind

A

psych/o

191
Q

RN

A

registered nurse

192
Q

BID

A

twice a day

193
Q

eye

A

ophthalm/; ocul/o

194
Q

inward

A

eso-

195
Q

seizure

A

-lepsy

196
Q

brain

A

encephal/o

197
Q

hernia; swelling; protrusion

A

-cele

198
Q

CBT

A

cognitive behavioral therapy

199
Q

LP

A

lumbar puncture

200
Q

H&P

A

history and physical

201
Q

CVA

A

cerebral vascular accident

202
Q

CNS

A

central nervous system

203
Q

PNS

A

peripheral nervous system

204
Q

droop; sag; prolapse; protrude

A

-ptosis

205
Q

smell (root word)

A

olfact/o

206
Q

gray matter

A

poli/o

207
Q

split

A

schiz/o

208
Q

ADHD

A

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

209
Q

to bruise

A

contus/o

210
Q

body

A

somat/o

211
Q

TID

A

three times a day

212
Q

gtt

A

glucose tolerance test

213
Q

hearing (suffix)

A

-cusis

214
Q

vision condition

A

-opia

215
Q

sleep

A

hypn/o

216
Q

paralysis

A

-plegia

217
Q

to cut off; cut short

A

syncop/o

218
Q

suture

A

-rrhaphy

219
Q

EDH

A

epidural hematoma

220
Q

R/O

A

ruleout

221
Q

PET

A

positron emission tomography

222
Q

mind

A

phren/o

Health Science (4 decks)

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