Medelian Genetics - Monohybrid Cross Flashcards
What are Alleles?
Different forms of the same gene
Before doing any experiments, Mendel let the plants self-pollinate to ensure that they were True Breeding
TB plants bit the same characteristics generation after generation
What did Mendel call the True Breeding plants?
The Parental or P generation
What is the Filial (F1) generation?
The result of crossing two TB plants
Mendel then let that generation self-pollinate to create the F2 generation
He looked at the character. and counted how many plants prod. which character.
What type of cross is “used” to create the F1/F2 generation?
Monohybrid cross
What is a Genotype?
The combination of alleles you have
How is a Homozygous Dominant Genotype represented?
Two capital letters - Eg. TT
How many Dominant Alleles need to be present for the trait to show?
Only one - Eg. TT, Tt
How is a Heteroygous Genotype represented?
One capital and one lower case letter - Eg. Tt
How is a Recessive Genotype represented?
Two lower case letters - Eg. tt
How many recessive alleles are needed for the trait to be present?
Two - Eg. tt
What is the trait that is physically expressed called?
The Phenotype
What is Mendel’s first law?
The Law of Segregation - that all individuals have two copies of each factor (gene). These copies separate randomly during gamete formation. And each gamete receives on copy of each factor
What is the Genotypic ratio for te F1 generation?
3:1
