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Media and Connectors Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the IEEE 802.3 Standard define?

A

Defines physical and data link layers, including MAC, for wired Ethernet networks

Commonly used in Local Area Networks (LANs)

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2
Q

What is a Twisted Pair Cable?

A

A type of wiring in which two conductors of a single circuit are twisted together

Twisting reduces electromagnetic interference and crosstalk

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3
Q

What is Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)?

A

Composed of pairs of wires twisted together without additional shielding

Lightweight, flexible, and cost-effective

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4
Q

What is Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)?

A

Includes shielding for better EMI protection

More expensive, bulkier, and more difficult to install

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5
Q

List the categories of Twisted Pair Cables.

A
  • CAT 5
  • CAT 5e
  • CAT 6
  • CAT 6a
  • CAT 7
  • CAT 8
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6
Q

What is a Coaxial Cable?

A

A fundamental part of networking and broadcasting consisting of a single copper conductor at its core, with insulating layer and conductive shield

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7
Q

What is the purpose of RG-6 Coaxial Cable?

A

Used to support faster internet speed in most residential installations

Supports up to 1 Gbps at up to around 300-meter distance

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8
Q

What is the older standard for coaxial cables?

A

RG-59

Not commonly used anymore

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9
Q

What are Direct Attach Copper (DAC) Cables?

A

Fixed assembly copper cabling for short distances

Connects switches, routers, or servers

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10
Q

What is a Twinaxial Cable?

A

Supports up to 100 Gbps at short distances

Often a component of DAC assembly

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of Plenum Cables?

A

Fire-retardant, suitable for air circulation spaces

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12
Q

What are Non-Plenum Cables?

A

Less fire-resistant, used where fire risk is lower

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13
Q

What is the speed and distance for CAT 5 cable?

A

100 Mbps at 100 meters

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14
Q

What is the speed and distance for CAT 6 cable?

A

1 Gbps at 100 meters; 10 Gbps at 55 meters

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15
Q

What is the speed and distance for CAT 8 cable?

A

10-25 or 40 Gbps at 30 meters

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16
Q

What is the importance of Copper Media?

A

Versatile and robust for various networking needs

Lower cost, easier to install and maintain

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17
Q

What is a Registered Jack (RJ-X)?

A

A standard telecommunication network interface

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18
Q

What are the two crucial types of Registered Jacks?

A
  • RJ-11
  • RJ-45
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19
Q

What is the purpose of RJ-11?

A

Standard for telephone wiring

6P2C configuration (6 positions, 2 conductors)

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20
Q

What is the purpose of RJ-45?

A

Standard for data networks (Ethernet)

8P8C configuration (8 positions, 8 conductors)

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21
Q

What is an F-Type Connector used for?

A

Screw-on connector used with RG-6 and RG-59 coaxial cables

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22
Q

What is a BNC Connector?

A

Coaxial connector with a secure bayonet locking mechanism

Common in professional video connections and radio frequency applications

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23
Q

What are the two main types of Fiber Optic Cables?

A
  • Single-Mode Fiber (SMF)
  • Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF)
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24
Q

What is the advantage of Single-Mode Fiber (SMF)?

A

Designed for long-distance communication

Light travels down a single path
- better for backbone installations and large networks
## Footnote

Small glass core allows light to travel in a single path without dispersion

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25
What is the typical core size of Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF)?
50 to 100 microns tailored for shorter distances because it is larger than SMF - light travels in multiple paths -bad= more opportunity for dispersion -good= due to larger core, it's easier to create, -distance= anything under about 1 mile, can be used in a data center
26
What is the function of a Transceiver?
A device capable of both transmitting and receiving data
27
What are the main protocols governing data transmission?
* Ethernet * Fibre Channel (FC)
28
What is back reflection in fiber optics?
Occurs when a portion of transmitted light reflects back toward the source
29
What is the purpose of polishing types in fiber optics?
To minimize back reflection and maintain signal integrity
30
What is the maximum speed and distance for CAT 5?
100 Mbps at 100 meters ## Footnote CAT 5 is an older standard for Ethernet cabling.
31
What is the maximum speed and distance for CAT 5e?
1 Gbps at 100 meters ## Footnote CAT 5e is an enhanced version of CAT 5.
32
What are the specifications for CAT 6 cables?
1 Gbps at 100 meters; 10 Gbps at 55 meters ## Footnote CAT 6 cables provide improved performance over CAT 5e.
33
What is the maximum speed and distance for CAT 6a?
10 Gbps at 100 meters ## Footnote CAT 6a provides better performance in terms of bandwidth and distance.
34
What is the maximum speed and distance for CAT 7?
10 Gbps at 100 meters ## Footnote CAT 7 cables are designed for high-speed networking.
35
What is the speed range for CAT 8 cables?
10-25 or 40 Gbps at 30 meters ## Footnote CAT 8 cables are optimized for data centers and high-performance applications.
36
What is the maximum speed and distance for RG-6?
1 Gbps at 300 meters (RG3) ## Footnote RG-6 is commonly used for cable television and internet.
37
What is the maximum speed for Twinaxial cables?
10 Gbps or more at 10 meters (10 x 10) ## Footnote Twinaxial cables are often used for short-distance connections.
38
What is the maximum speed for DAC (active cables) at 15 meters?
100 Gbps ## Footnote DAC cables are used for high-speed data transmission.
39
What is the maximum speed for DAC (passive cables) at 7 meters?
100 Gbps ## Footnote Passive DAC cables have no signal amplification.
40
What is RJ-11 used for?
For voice-based communication networks (telephones) ## Footnote RJ-11 connectors are commonly found in telephone systems.
41
What devices use RJ-45 connectors?
Data devices in data networks (computers, printers, switches, routers) ## Footnote RJ-45 is the most common connector for Ethernet networks.
42
What type of cables use F-Type connectors?
Coaxial cables in cable TV, satellite, and cable internet connections ## Footnote F-Type connectors are widely used for their ability to transmit high-frequency signals.
43
What is the primary application of BNC connectors?
Professional video connections and radio frequency applications ## Footnote BNC connectors are often used in broadcast and video equipment.
44
Why is fiber media immune to the effects of EMI (electromagnetic interference)
because it relies on light
45
What is the speed and use of Fiber
● Fiber optic cables can span hundreds of miles ● Suitable for local connections and transcontinental data transmission ■ Higher data transfer speeds ● Can reach speeds beyond 10 Gbps
46
Fiber speeds range from what?
10 to 100 Gigabits per second but most companies use only 10 Gigs
47
Negatives of Fiber
- higher cost - expensive tools - more complex to work with - because you need special tools to work with - need higher technicians to work it
48
Single Mode Fiber SMF is what color?
Yellow sheath around the fiber
49
Multi-Mode Fiber MMF is what color
Aqua Blue or Orange Sheath around the fiber
50
What is the shape and design of the SC Connector?
Square shape with push-pull design Stick and click
51
In which type of fibers is the SC Connector widely used?
Single-mode fibers Square
52
What is a common application of the SC Connector?
Telecommunications and data networking used in fiber in the homes
53
For what purpose is the SC Connector used in FTTH deployments?
Reliability and ease of use
54
What is the shape and mechanism of the LC Connector?
Compact size with push-pull mechanism
55
Where is the LC Connector favored? (love connector)
High-density applications like data centers due to its smaller size
56
How are LC Connectors often shipped?
As paired cables for transmit and receive sides Love connector - transmit and receive center are sent together
57
What feature does the LC Connector provide to minimize data loss?
High-precision alignment
58
What is the shape and mechanism of the ST Connector?
Round shape with twist-lock mechanism Stick and twist connector similar to BNC connector
59
Why is the ST Connector important in certain environments?
When operating in environments with movement or vibrations
60
What type of fiber optics is the ST Connector commonly used with?
Multi-mode fiber optics developed by AT&T
61
Why is the ST Connector well-suited for outdoor applications?
could be used in campus environments can be used against wind, rain, and snow Due to its durability
62
What is the design of the MTRJ Connector?
Small, rectangular design housing transmit and receive fibers in a single connector (two pronged)
63
In what type of applications is the MTRJ Connector suitable?
Space-constrained applications like office LANs
64
What mechanism does the MTRJ Connector offer for high-density capabilities?
RJ-style latch mechanism
65
What is a benefit of the MTRJ Connector in network environments?
Cost-effective solution for densely populated network environments due to its compact space
66
What is the purpose of the MPO Connector?
Designed for multiple fibers in a single connector Enables quick and efficient connections
67
In which applications is the MPO Connector essential?
High-density applications such as data centers and high-speed networks
68
What is crucial for the scalability of networks when using MPO Connectors?
Rapid scalability
69
what is Back Reflection
■ Occurs when a portion of transmitted light in a fiber optic cable reflects back toward the source, potentially degrading the signal ■ Minimizing back reflection is crucial for maintaining signal integrity and optimizing data transmission
70
What does PC stand for in fiber optic styles?
Physical Contact ## Footnote PC style has a slight curvature in the fiber face to lower back reflection. not the best
71
What is a characteristic of the PC style in fiber optics?
Having slight curvature in the fiber face to lower back reflection over standard straight-cut fiber ## Footnote This style provides the least effective reduction in back reflection.
72
What type of data transmissions is the PC style best suited for?
Short-distance or lower-speed data transmissions.
73
What does UPC stand for in fiber optic styles?
Ultra Physical Contact ## Footnote UPC style has a dome-shaped end-face for better core alignment.
74
How does UPC style compare to PC style in terms of back reflection?
Offers lower back reflection than PC style. updated and better version of PC style
75
What applications is UPC style suitable for?
General broadband applications. offers good balance between angle and cost
76
What does APC stand for in fiber optic styles?
Angled Physical Contact ## Footnote APC style uses an 8-degree angled polish to greatly reduce back reflection.
77
What is the primary benefit of the APC style?
Lowest amount of back reflection.
78
What types of applications is APC style well-suited for?
High bandwidth and long-distance applications, such as undersea cable networks.
79
Ethernet
Family of networking technologies for LANs, MANs, and WANs ○ Facilitates communication and data transfer ○ Defines physical standards, electrical standards, and data formats
80
Fibre Channel (FC)
○ High-speed network technology that connects computer data storage to servers inside storage area networks ○ Handles large data volumes quickly and reliably ○ Supports optical fiber and copper-based media ○ Key features: ■ High throughput ■ Low latency ■ Advanced data integrity
81
Transciever can do what
Convert ethernet to Fiber channel or fiber channel to Ethernet Ex: Convert light to electrical signals, connect two buildings using SMF fiber and then use transciever to get ethernet to devices that need them
82
Media converters and transcievers are considered what layer?
Layer 1 - Physical - Bits
83
QSFP modules are faster than SFP modules TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE

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