Media - Essay Plan Flashcards
(23 cards)
What do Interactionists argue about the media and crime?
Interactionists argue that the media creates crime through labelling and moral panics.
Example: Cohen (1972) – Mods and Rockers: media amplified small scuffles into a “youth menace,” leading to increased police control.
How does the media act as a moral entrepreneur according to Interactionists?
The media exaggerates minor deviance and turns it into a wider social threat.
What is the application of Interactionism in terms of deviance?
It affected working-class boys by reinforcing their label as deviant, increasing surveillance and pushing them toward further deviance.
What does Interactionism demonstrate about crime?
It demonstrates that crime is socially constructed and shaped by the media’s power to define and dramatise deviance.
What are the evaluations of Interactionism regarding media and deviance?
✔️ Great for explaining how media escalates deviance; ❌ outdated in digital age where audiences are more sceptical (McRobbie & Thornton).
What do Neo-Marxists argue about the media and crime narratives?
Neo-Marxists argue the media shapes crime narratives to serve the ruling class and maintain capitalist control.
How does the media manipulate perceptions of crime according to Neo-Marxists?
The media emphasises working-class crime while downplaying white-collar or corporate crime, shifting attention from elite wrongdoing.
What is an example of Neo-Marxism in media narratives?
Hall et al. (1978) – Black mugger moral panic was used to distract from economic crisis and justify oppressive policing.
What is the application of Neo-Marxism in terms of social impact?
It affected Black working-class youth, fuelling racial profiling and stereotyping, reinforcing social inequality.
What does Neo-Marxism reveal about media’s role in society?
It shows how media diverts attention from structural problems by criminalising the powerless.
What are the evaluations of Neo-Marxism regarding media and crime?
✔️ Explains the political role of media in shaping deviance; ❌ criticised as overly conspiratorial and lacking modern media diversity.
What do Feminists argue about the media and violence?
Feminists argue the media normalises violence against women and reinforces patriarchal control.
How does the media contribute to a culture of violence against women?
Through sexualised images and narratives, media fosters a rape-supportive culture and reduces empathy for victims.
What is an example of Feminist critique of media?
Dworkin (1981) and Russell (1993) – Pornography encourages male aggression and objectification.
What is the application of Feminism in terms of societal impact?
It impacts women and girls, shaping unrealistic beauty standards and encouraging male entitlement and control.
What does Feminism reveal about media’s role in crime?
It reveals how media contributes to gendered crime, both in victimisation and societal norms.
What are the evaluations of Feminism regarding media and violence?
✔️ Important for showing media’s role in sustaining patriarchy; ❌ some argue media reflects rather than causes gender violence, and most screen violence is against men.
What do Cultural Criminologists say about crime in a media-saturated society?
Cultural criminologists say crime is turned into a commodity and spectacle.
How is crime perceived in media according to Cultural Criminology?
Crime is stylised and glamorised in media, making it seem exciting or desirable — especially for excluded groups.
What is an example of Cultural Criminology in media?
Hayward & Young (2012) – Crime is part of the mediascape, visible in drill music, films, TikTok trends, and streetwear branding.
What is the application of Cultural Criminology in terms of youth identity?
It affects working-class youth, who may adopt criminal identities as a form of resistance, expression, or fame.
What does Cultural Criminology highlight about media?
It highlights how the media can act as a direct motivator of crime through symbolic appeal.
What are the evaluations of Cultural Criminology regarding media and crime?
✔️ Strong in explaining crime as image/performance; ❌ doesn’t explain why most media consumers don’t commit crime.
