media influences Flashcards
(17 cards)
media influences
- computer/ video games
- desensitisation, disinhibition and cognitive priming
methodologies used to study effected of media
- experimental studies
- correlational studies
- longitudinal studies
- meta-analysis
experimental studies
lab based and look at short term effects
example of an experimental study
Bartholomew and Anderson
- ppts played violent or non-violent games for 10 mins
- then carried out TCRTT, standard lab measure of agg where students delivered blasts of white noise at hosen volumes to punish an opp
- those who played violent game chose louder noises, means 5.97 decibels for agg and 4.6 for non-agg
correlational studies
investigate real-life variables
- may be short-term or longitudinal
example of correlational study
DeLisi et al
- studied 227 juvenile offenders w history of agg b like hitting teacher
- used structure interviews to gather data on several measures of agg and violent video game playing
- found offenders aggb was significantly correlated w how often they play violent video games
- argues link is so strong, agg should be considered a public health issue and computer game violence is a significant risk
example of longitudinal study
Robertson et al
- wanted to dee if link between excessive tv watching and agg
- 1037 ppts in New Zealand born in 1972/3 and measured their tv watching hours until 26y/o
- time watchign tv was a reliable predictor of agg b in adulthood (in terms of convictions for agg and violent crimes)
- ppl who watched more tv = likely to be diagnosed w antisocial personality disorder and have agg personality traits
- more about amount watched rather than content
meta-analysis
bring together the 3 types to give an overall judgment
example of meta-analysis
Anderson et al
- 136 studies, included all 3 types
- exposure to violent video games was associated w increases in agg behaviour, thoughts and feelings
- true for both genders, and cultures
- said effects of violent video games on agg is more than effect of second-hand smoke on cancer
supprting evaluation for experimental studies
allows establishment of a casual link between media agg and agg b
opposing evaluation for experimental studies
measures of agg in lab studies are artificial and unrealistic
- TCRTT measures loud noise as an indicator of agg bc it would be unethical to measure w actual violence
- also doesn’t involve any fear of retaliation from opposition
supporting evaluation for correlational studies
allow psychologists to investigate realistic forms of aggression
- violent crimes
opposing evaluation for correlational studies
- unable to establish cause-and-effect bc no variables are manipulated and no random allocation of ppts to diff conditions
- direction of causality cannot be established
supporting evaluation for longitudinal studies
investigate changes in agg b over time so dynamic nature of media can be studied
- views ppl as active consumers rather than passive recipients = more realistic way of how ppl interact w media
opposing evaluation for longitudinal studies
vulnerable to confounding variables
- many other sources of agg interact w media over time
> role models
- difficult to separate them all and assess contributions separately
supporting evaluation for meta-analysis
- less time-consuming and cheaper bc data is alr collected
- secondary data may be the only available data
- crime stats
opposing evaluation for meta-analysis
- may not be valid bc data not specific to research aim and unreliable bc researcher dk how it was collected
- operationalised how? procedure? - possible to be subject to publication bias
- could just pick studies that agree w their views or ignore studies that are nonsignificant
