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Margery Bowers > Medical > Flashcards

Medical Flashcards

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1
Q

Drugs for seizures

A

Benzo-

diazepam ( valium)
Lorazepam ( Ativan)
Midaolam ( versed)

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2
Q

Med for eclampsia

A

Mag sulfate

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3
Q

Brue

A

Breif resolved unexplained event

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4
Q

Subarachnoid bleed symptoms

A

Cerebral aneurysm

Sudden onset of severe headache

Young female usually lifting

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5
Q

Cephalgia

A

Headache

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6
Q

Migraine symptoms

A 
Vascular
Women
Unilateral ( one side)
Nausea and vomiting 
Eye pain
Sensitive to light
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7
Q

Cluster headache symptoms

A 
Men 
Fireman's headache
BP up
Unilateral 
Gets worse over days
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8
Q

Tension headace symptoms

A

Throbbing squeeze
Neck pain jaw pain
Hypertension
Pressure in brain due to tumor or stroke

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9
Q

Cns neoplasm

A

Brain and spinal tumor

Similar symptoms to stroke

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10
Q

Delirium

A

Sudden state of confusion- reversible

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11
Q

Dementia

A

Chronic deteriorating of memory reasoning judgement not reversalble

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12
Q

Alzheimer’s

A

Neurons die

Buildup of plaque in brain

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13
Q

Viral meningitis

A

Most common
Flu like
Non commpicable

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14
Q

Bacterial meningitis

A 
Bad 
1-2 day fever 
Head and back ache
Nuchal rigidity ( stiff neck)
Ama
Buldging fonianal
Rash
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15
Q

Meningitis ppe

A

Surgerical mask for you and pt

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16
Q

Creutzfelt-Jakob disease

A

Infection from contaminated beef

Ataxia ( can’t control muscle movement)
Jerking
Visual impairment

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17
Q

Guillain - Barre syndrome

A

Autoimmune
Usually viral
Destruction of myelin sheth

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18
Q

Guillain Barre syndrome symptoms

A

Tingling in fingers toes

Progressive muscle weakness

Trouble talking swallowing

Difficult breathing

Paralysis

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19
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Infalmation of nerve cells
Loss of myelin sheaths
Inhibits nerve impulses

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20
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

Autoimmune disease breakdown of nerves and muscles

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21
Q

Myasthenia gravis symptoms

A

Neuromuscular weakness

Fatigue

Drooping of eye lids (ptosis)

Double vision

Trouble swallowing

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22
Q

Parkinson’s

A

Unknown cause

Loss of dopemine producing cells

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23
Q

Parkinson’s symptoms

A

Impaired movements
Tremors
Ridity

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24
Q

Pick disease

A

Genetic disease

Damage to neurons

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25
Pick disease symptoms
``` Obsessive behavior Social inappropriate Mental highs or depression Tremors Incontinence ```
26
Wernicke encephalopathy
Thiamine deficiency | Usually alcoholic
27
Wernicke encephalopathy symptoms
Mental confusion Abnormal eye movement Ataxia
28
Hydrocephalus
Buildup of fluid in ventricles in brain
29
Ventricular shunts action and complications
Drains excess CSF from ventricles of brain Tube drains into r atrium Complications brain infection obstruction of tube Increased ICP Seizures
30
Ileostomy
Diverts from ileum contents don't pass through large intestine liquid stool green
31
Colostomy
Diverts stool from colon or large intestine has a bag
32
Appendicitis location and symptoms
Rlq Periumbilical pain Sick for a few days Nausea and vomiting decreased appetite
33
Cholecystitis and symptoms
Inflammation of gall bladder Ruq Pain when breathing in
34
Cholestatsis
Flow of bile from liver stops Gall bladder Murphy's sign Pain from taking breath when palpating ruq
35
Cholelithiasis and symptoms
Gall stones | Murphy's sign
36
Cirrhosis of liver location and symptoms
Ruq Jaundice nausea weight loss Fatigue Busing easily
37
Crohn's disease and location
Rlq Diarrhea and rectal bleeding Constipation Weight loss
38
Diverticulitis location and symptoms
Inflammation of punch like herniation in intestine Llq Fever nausea and vomiting
39
Esophageal varices
Abnormal enlarged veins in lower part of esophagus No pain Bleeding in gi tract Hematemesis vomiting blood
40
Peritonitis location of pain and symptoms
``` Inflammation of abdominal wall Pain can be anywhere Fever High hr Vomiting Local guarding Distended and ridged abs ```
41
Ulcerative colitis location of pain and symptoms
Llq | Loose and bloody stools
42
Abdominal aortic aneurysm location of pain and symptoms
Teariing or shearing pain in abdomen and back Unequal pulses lower extremities Urge to shit dude to blood in retroperitoneal space Hypertension history
43
Throrasic aortic aneurysm pain location and symptoms
Tearing pain in upper chest and between shoulder blades | Unequal pulses in upper extremity
44
Ng tube uses and complications
Relives gastric distention ``` Hypoxia broncial insertion Bleeding Occusion of tube Dislodged Tube deterioration ```
45
Prerenal
``` Decreasing blood to kidneys Due to hemorage Hf Shock Or sepsis ```
46
Intrarenal
Disease or damage within the kidneys | Diabetes certain drugs
47
Postrenal
Blockage to urine collecting system | Uretur, bladder, or urithra
48
Signs and symptoms of acute kidney failure
Southern onset in days Oliguria decrease urine output Anuria no output Fatigue weight loss trauma to flank area altered mental status does arrhythmias pvc's tachycardias including VTEC hyperkalemia
49
Chronic kidney failure
Long and slow process of kidneys inability to function | Some causes include diabetes hypertension
50
Chronic kidney failure signs and symptoms
Same as arf except slower onset Erythropoietin decreased leading to anemia Needs dialysis for the rest of life unless transplant
51
Erythropoietin
Hormone secreted by kidneys to increase production of red blood cells and response to low O2
52
Dialysis
Movement of blood across membranes to remove toxins
53
Do four or missed a dialysis symptoms
Fluid overload pulmonary edema hyperkalemia with tall peak t waves p waves flatten and PR lengths
54
EKG findings right after dialysis shock
Hypokalemia ST depression small t waves prominent u waves found after t wave
55
Peritoneal dialysis
At home dialysis Tube inserted into abdominal cavity uses patients peritoneal membrane to exchange fluids and remove toxins waste products
56
Renal calculus
Kidney stone
57
Renal calculus signs and symptoms
Unilateral severe flank pain may have flank to groin pain he material pale sweating
58
Peristalsis
Series of muscle contractions in the digestive tract automatic function and digesting food and excreting urine
59
Pyelonephritis and symptoms
Inflammation or infection of the kidneys | Back in flank pain cloudy and foul smelling urine high fever
60
Cystitis and signs and symptoms
Inflammation or infection of the urinary bladder Lower mid abdominal pain frequent urination with burning hematuria urgency and cloudy foul smelling urine Pain when pissing
61
Epididymitis
Inflammation of the tube with the back of the testicle that stores and carry sperm Foul smelling urine
62
Testicular torsion
Testicle twists on supermatic cord which provides blood to scrotum sudden severe scrotal pain and swelling usually boys over 6 years old true emergency
63
What is the purpose of the endocrine system
Produce hormones which affect other endocrine glands and body systems
64
Where is the hypothalamus located and what does it do
Located in lower part of brain above brainstem Stimulate pituitary gland Plays a role in sleep temperature hunger thirst BP and water balance
65
What is the pituitary gland and where is it located
``` Pituitary gland is located in the brain called the master gland in charge of many hormones Acth Adh Fish GH OXY Tsh ```
66
What is the parathyroid and where it is where is located
Behind thyroid helps to increase calcium levels and blood
67
What is a thyroid gland that where is it located
And neck below the thyroid cartilage | Effects metabolism and decreases calcium levels
68
Graves disease and ss
Hyperthyroid disorder Agitation and nervous heat intolerance weight loss tachycardia hot and flush skin goiter which is an inlarged thyroid Uses beta blockers to control
69
Thyrotoxicosis and ss
A hyperthyroid disorder Thyroid storm Fever sweating diarrhea altermental status hypoglycemia seizures Managed by cooling down using beta blockers glucose of indicated benzos for seizures
70
Myxedema
Hypothyroid disorder Fatigue lethargy cold intolerance Bradycardia weight gain dry cold skin and constipated Treat with synthroid thyroid
71
Mxedema coma and ss
Hypothyroid disorder Slow to develop but can decline rapidly usually triggered by sepsis surgery or trauma Altered mental status, hypothermic Active rewarming ACLS procedures
72
Hashimoto's disease
Hypothyroid disorder Inflammation of the thyroid Thyroid isis enlargement of thyroid gland Symptomatic treatment
73
What are the adrenal glands and where they located
Located on top of each kidney produce epinephrine norepinephrine aldosterone which UPS reabsorption of sodium and cortisol which UPS energy
74
Adrenal inefficiency
Fails to produce adequate cortisol and aldosterone
75
Addison's disease and signs and symptoms
Decreased adrenal Fatigue loss of appetite vomiting diarrhea weight loss Treat steroids prednisone
76
Addison crisis and signs and symptoms
Adrenal inefficiency disorder Brought on by stress including trauma Severe vomiting and diarrhea hypotension shock Treat with fluids may need 50% dextrose may need calcium chloride of hyperkalemic
77
What is Cushing syndrome
Adrenal overproduction Increase in cortisol possibly due to tumors Weight gain Moon-faced buffalo hump Increase facial hair but decrease scalp hair Mood swings
78
Type 1 diabetes and signs and symptoms
Does not produce insulin IDDM insulin-dependent diabetics mellitus Ketones are produced from burning fat instead of sugar
79
Diabetes Type 2 and signs and symptoms
Insufficient insulin production or has insulin resistance Can't control with diet or take pills and or insulin N i d d m Non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
80
HHNK and signs and symptoms
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketonic Type 2 diabetic No ketones Ask of dka but no fruity order or kissmauls
81
Complications of diabetes
Stroke kidney and heart disease decrease blood supply to legs vision changes blindness neuropathy nerve damage
82
Rhyme for diabetes
Hot dry sugar high | Cold and clammy gets the candy
83
What happens when h1 histamine receptors are stimulated by mast cells
Vasodilation increases capillary permeability | Bronchoconstriction and laryngospasm
84
Wheals
Rased itchy area
85
Angioedema
Tongue and lips and eyes swollen
86
Urticaria
Hives
87
Best med to counteract histamine and dose
Epi | .3 of 1:1000
88
Most common cause of anaphylaxis shock
Penicillin injection 2nd is hymenoptera - bees wastps hornets
89
Anaphylactoid reaction
Injection of serum or protein not caused by ige reaction
90
What is ige
Immunoglobin e is a type of antibody that is synthesized by plasma cells
91
Allergic reaction definition
Antigen-antibody reaction Exposure to antigen stimulates ige
92
Kaposi sarcoma
Type of cancer with blue red colored lesions complication of HIV and AIDS
93
Hepatitis signs and symptoms
Slow onset fever right upper quadrant pain nausea and vomiting decrease appetite jaundice dark colored urine acetites which is accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity whites of eyes are yellow
94
Which hepatitis is fecal oral contamination
Hepatitis a
95
Which hepatitis is bloodborne or fluid born
Hepatitis B and C
96
Tuberculosis and signs and symptoms
Maybe antibiotic resistant Night sweats shortness of breath cough weight loss fever hemoptysis coughing up blood chills Spreads by droplet
97
Gonorrhea signs and symptoms
Men pain on your urination and discharge from penis Women fever vaginal discharge PID
98
What is the most common STD
Chlamydia gonorrhea second
99
Sofa score
Sepsis related organ failure assessment Evaluates possible poor outcome based on AMS respiratory rate and blood pressure
100
How does MRSA spread
Transfer one person to one person through breaking the skin
101
Nosocomial
Hospital acquired infection
102
What is C diff
Clostridium difficult Usually after hospital stay or course of antibiotics Watery diarrhea green and foul smelling nausea vomiting Supportive care IV clean equipment with chlorine bleach
103
Tetanus
From puncture wound or needle stick with contaminated street drugs Painful muscle contractions frigidity neck face jaw hydrophobia drooling
104
Rabies and SS
Fever chills malice neurological signs hydrophobia seizures bizarre behavior paralysis, coma Wound after several days looks red swelling and tender cellulitis
105
Herpes zoster
Shingles Viral painful rash with blisters Intense burning sensation Direct contact
106
Agitated delirium or excited delirium
That's bizarre agitated hyperactivity paranoid aggressive does not feel pain as exceptional strength hyperthermia hallucinations massive sympathetic response system tachycardia tachypnea hypertension dilated pupils combative rapid transport patient probably going to code Related to use a stimulants MDMA bath salts Flocka try to calm patient restraints May trigger cardiac arrest be prepared for respiratory cardiac arrest law enforcement present
107
Conversion disorder or conversion Hysteria
Patient has physical problem that cannot be explained by medical evaluation
108
How many people for restraints
Five one for each extremity and one to apply restraints
109
Antidote for benzos
Flumecile
110
Antidote for beta blocker
Glucagon
111
Antidote for calcium channel blocker
Calcium
112
Antidote for cyanide
Hydroocobapamin
113
Antidote for tricyclic antidepressants
Sodium bicarb
114
Antidote for diastolic reactions
Benadryl 25 to 50 mg
115
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Dystonic reactions
116
Sickle cell anemia
Most common in African Americans can also occur in Mediterranean descent Pain and swelling and joints pain and chest back flank pain pripism infections stroke around my Fossil inclusive episode Spleen involvement High 402 fluid Street for shock pain meds stroke a cardiac center if indicated
117
Leukocytosis
Too many wbc
118
Leukemia
Cancer of blood cells
119
Lymphoma
Cancer of lymphatic system
120
Thrombocytosis
Too many platelets
121
Thrombocytopenia
Disease of platelets
122
Polycythemia
Increase in RBC | High hematocrit
123
Hematocrit
Proportion of red blood cells in blood
124
Graves disease presentation
It's from an enlarged thyroid They have a swollen neck ( goiter ) Bulging eyes Hot skin
125
Thyroid storm symptoms
Everything goes up Agitation Fever Warm Weight loss
126
Myxedema
My. X. Edima Face edema moon face Weight gane Cold Low thyroid Treat levothyroxine synthetic thyroid hormone
127
Neonate heart rate
100-205
128
Infant heart rate
100-180
129
Toddler heart rate
98-140
130
Preschooler heart rate
80-120
131
School age heart rate
75-118
132
Adolescent heart rate
60-100
133
Infant respiration rate
30-53
134
Toddler respiration rate
22-37
135
Mean arterial formula
Diastolic + ( systolic-diastlolic ÷ 3)
136
Parenteral
Drug administration outside of oral Direct injection
137
Antiemetic drug
Stopes nausea and vomiting
138
Subluxation
A partial dislocation

Margery Bowers (4 decks)

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