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Oral Hygiene Exam 2023 > Medical Conditions - M16 > Flashcards

Medical Conditions - M16 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the signs of Leukaemia?

A

Breathlessness, tiredness, unusual bleeding, weight loss, pain in bones

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2
Q

What are the consequences of Bulimia on teeth?

A

Erosion due to gastric fluids, occurs on lingual surfaces on lower teeth.

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3
Q

How many categories of Epilepsy are there?

A

Four

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4
Q

When seizures start on both sides of the brain, what would it be called?

A

Generalised epilepsy

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5
Q

What are “grand-mal” seizures now called?

A

Generalised motor seizures

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6
Q

What happens when you have a Tonic-clonic seizure?

A

Loss of consciousness, stiffened muscles and jerking

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7
Q

What affect does leukaemia have on the mouth?

A

Enlarged gingival and candida infections

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8
Q

What is an example of a Generalised motor seizure?

A

Tonic-Clonic

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9
Q

What are the other types of generalised motor seizures?

A

Clonic, Tonic, Myoclonic

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10
Q

What is a ‘petit Mal’ seizure now called?

A

Generalised non-motor seizure

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11
Q

What happens during a generalised non-motor (absence) seizure?

A

Stopping what you are doing a staring into space, repeated movements.

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12
Q

What are other types of non-motor seizures?

A

typical, atypical and myoclonic

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13
Q

When seizures happen in only one side of the brain, what is it called?

A

Focal Epilepsy

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14
Q

What did focal epilepsy used to be called?

A

Partial seizure

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15
Q

What medications are used in epilepsy?

A

Phenytoin (epanutin)
Sodium Valproate
Phenobarbitone

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16
Q

What does Phenytoin do to the gingiva?

A

causes gingival hyperplasia

17
Q

People with generalised epilepsy may use what drugs?

A

broad-spectrum: Lamotrigine, levetiracetam or topiramate

18
Q

Excess salivation is called…

A

Sialorrhea

19
Q

Excess salivation is often caused by which medical conditions?

A

Parkinson’s
Cerebral palsy
New dentures

20
Q

Cerebral palsy can cause what oral side effects?

A

Gastrophageal reflex & vomiting causing erosion/loss of tooth structure
Gingival overgrowth
Bruxism

21
Q

Poor oral health has been linked with which medical condition?

A

Heart Disease

22
Q

Calcium loss from teeth during pregnancy is true or false?

A

False

23
Q

An increase in plaque in pregnant women is due to which hormones?

A

Oestrogen & Progestrone

24
Q

An increase in progesterone in pregnant women causes what to happen?

A

Gums are more sensitive to plaque as it affects the microvascular system

25
Q

Pregnancy can cause anaemia, what effect does this have on the mouth?

A

Ulceration and red lines/patches on the lounge

26
Q

Pregnant women with morning sickness should be given what advise?

A

Advice regarding gastric juices causing erosion to teeth

27
Q

What is the clinical name for diabetes?

A

Diabetes Mellitus

28
Q

What does glucose do in the body?

A

to break down carbohydrates in food and in stores in the body

29
Q

What percentage of the population does diabetes effect?

A

2%

30
Q

The is a marked increase in periodontal disease and caries in patients with diabetes, true or false?

A

true

31
Q

Patients with special needs should be seen by which group?

A

CDS (community dental services)

32
Q

What does BSDOH stand for?

A

The British Society for Disabilities and oral health

33
Q

What does BSDOH do?

A

Provides guidelines and activities and links to other sites

34
Q

What is VBA? and what does it relate to?

A

Very brief advice, relates to smoking cessation

35
Q

What 3 A’s should VBA include?

A

Ask, Advice, Act

36
Q

What are they key elements to VBA?

A

Smoking status
Asking about wanting to quit
Health risks advised
Benefits advised
Make it personalised
Stop smoking service details

37
Q

How do tobacco products damage the gums?

A

by affecting the attachment of the bone and soft tissue. Interferes with normal function of gum tissue cells - leading to infection

38
Q

What is gingiva hyperplasia?

A

Abnormal gingival over growth

Oral Hygiene Exam 2023 (17 decks)

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