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VN07 > Medical disorders of the rabbit and guinea pig > Flashcards

Medical disorders of the rabbit and guinea pig Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

what is pneumonia caused by in guinea pigs?

A

by several bacteria including bordetella and streptococcus

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2
Q

what are some clinical signs of pneumonia in guinea pigs?

A
  • inappetence
  • discharge from eyes/nose
  • sneezing
  • trouble breathing
  • fever
  • weight loss
  • depression
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3
Q

how do you diagnose pneumonia in guinea pigs?

A
  • cultures of nasal discharge
  • x-rays
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4
Q

how do you treat pneumonia in guinea pigs?

A
  • antibiotics
  • fluid therapy
  • vitamin c and mineral supplements
  • oxygen
  • nebulizer
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5
Q

what is bordetella bronchiseptica in guinea pigs?

A
  • bacteria that is carried in the nose or throat
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6
Q

how is bordetella bronchiseptica transmitted in guinea pigs?

A

from guinea pig to guinea pig when droplets are sprayed into the air by sneezing or coughing

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7
Q

what is musculoskeletal pododermatitis in guinea pigs?

A
  • bumblefoot
  • footpad inflammation which is caused by staphylococcus aureus bacteria that enters the footpads through cuts and scrapes
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8
Q

what factors increase the risk of musculoskeletal pododermatitis in guinea pigs?

A
  • obesity
  • wire or abrasive cage flooring
  • poor sanitation
  • vitamin C deficiency
  • injury
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9
Q

what are some clinical signs of what is musculoskeletal pododermatitis in guinea pigs?

A
  • inflamed footpads with sores
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10
Q

how do you treat what is musculoskeletal pododermatitis in guines pigs?

A
  • improve sanitation
  • soaking the paws in a mild cleansing solution
  • apply bandages
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11
Q

where is osteoarthritis found in guinea pigs?

A
  • in the knee
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12
Q

what are some clinical signs of osteoarthritis in guinea pigs?

A
  • lameness
  • reluctance to move
  • pain on joint manipulation
  • swelling of the joint
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13
Q

how do you treat osteoarthritis in guinea pigs?

A
  • NSAIDS
  • analgesia
  • loosing weight if obese
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14
Q

what is conjunctivitis in guinea pigs?

A
  • caused by infection by bacteria such as bordetella or streptococcus species
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15
Q

what are the clinical signs of conjunctivitis in guinea pigs?

A
  • watering, crusting and redness of the eyes
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16
Q

what are some clinical signs of ear infections in a guinea pig?

A
  • discharge from ears
  • scratching
  • imbalance
  • head tilt
  • walking in circles
  • rolling on the ground
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17
Q

what is ketosis in guinea pigs?

A
  • occurs when a guinea pig’s body produces too many ketones which are a normal by product of metabolism
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18
Q

how long does ketosis occur in the guinea pig?

A

occurs in the last 2 to 3 weeks of pregnancy or in the first week after birth

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19
Q

what are the clinical signs of ketosis in guinea pigs?

A
  • loss of energy
  • lack of appetite
  • lack of desire to drink
  • muscle spasms
  • coma
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20
Q

what are the treatment of ketosis in guinea pigs?

A
  • glucose injections
  • delivery via c-section
  • nutritional supplements
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21
Q

what are some clinical signs of ovarian cysts in guinea pigs?

A
  • hair loss over the abdomen
  • loss of appetite
  • loss of energy
  • pain
  • abdominal distention
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22
Q

what are the treatment of ovarian cysts in guinea pigs?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • ovariohysterectomy
  • cystocentesis of the cyst
23
Q

what is dystocia in guinea pigs?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • difficulty giving birth
24
Q

what are some clinical signs of dystocia in guinea pigs?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • distress
  • restlessness
  • chirping
  • squealing
  • straining, visible contractions, haemorrhage from the vulva
25
what are some clinical signs of urolithiasis in guinea pigs?
- depression - vocalisation on urination - haematuria - stranguria - dysuria - weight loss
26
what are some treatment options for urolithiasis?
- IVFT - surgical removal of stones - anti-inflammatories - vitamin c - pain relief
27
what are some clinical signs of renal disease in guinea pigs?
- loss of appetite - anorexia - depression - weight loss - polydipsia - polyuria - dehydration
28
how do you treat scurvy in guinea pigs?
- vitamin c supplement
29
what are some types of bacteria, viruses, and parasites that cause GI issues in guinea pigs?
- E.Coli - campylobacter - pseudotuberculosis - coccidiosis - salmonellosis - candida
30
what are some clinical signs of GI issues in guinea pigs?
- diarrhoea - weight loss - lack of appetite - bloated
31
what are some clinical signs of ileus in guinea pigs?
- anorexia - decreased faecal production - pain - lethargy
32
what are some clinical signs of rabbits with heart disease?
- dyspnoea - tachypnoea - syncopal episodes - reduced appetite - lethargy
33
how would you diagnose heart disease in rabbits?
- radiography - electrocardiography - echocardiography - BP - bloods
34
how would you treat heart disease in rabbits?
- furosemide - ACE inhibitors - digoxin
35
what are some clinical signs of congestive heart failure in rabbits?
- lethargy - weakness - reduced appetite - bloating - sudden weight changes - increased respiratory rate - dyspnoea
36
how can you treat congestive heart failure in rabbits?
- control with medication - low stress environment - reduce BP - maintain healthy weight
37
what is pasteurella in rabbits?
- gram-negative bacteria that lives in the airways
38
how do you treat pasteurella and bordetella in rabbits?
- anti-inflammatories - antibiotics - IVFT - assisted feeding
39
how is pastuerella transmitted in rabbits?
through direct contact of nasal secretions, aerosols or fomites
40
what is bordetella in rabbits?
- gram negative bacteria that causes snuffles in rabbits
41
what are some clinical signs of pasteurella/bordetella in rabbits?
- open mouth breathing - weepy eyes - conjunctivitis - nasal discharge - lethargy - weight loss
42
what is rabbit haemorrhagic disease?
- a rapidly fatal viral disease - caused by a calcivirus - symptoms include dyspnoea and blood discharge from nares and anus - vaccination available
43
what is myxomatosis?
- viral disease - spread by biting insects, fleas, and mosquitoes - clinical signs involve swelling around eyes and genitals - upper respiratory signs - vaccination available
44
what types of neoplasia is seen in rabbits?
- carcinoma and adencarcinoma of the turbinates - pulmonary carcinoma - thymoma and lymphosarcoma
45
what are some clinical signs of thymona in rabbits?
- difficulty breathing - exercise intolerance - neck, head, and forelimb oedema - open-mouth breathing
46
what are some urinary diseases found in rabbits?
- Urine scalding - cystitis - urolithiasis - acute and chronic renal failure - encephalitozoon cuniculi
46
what is encephalitozoon cuniculi?
- protozoal parasite - especially in wild rabbits - zoonotic
47
how is encephalitozoon cuniculi spread?
spores are shed in urine and transmitted via ingestion or inhalation
48
what are some clinical signs of encephalitozoon cuniculi?
- behavioural changes - head tilt - nystagmus - ataxia - seizures
49
how do you diagnose encephalitozoon cuniculi?
- blood test - serology - urine protein:creatinine ratio
50
what are some neurological and sensory disorders in rabbits?
- pasteurellosis - sarcocystis - encephalitozoon cuniculi - sensory disorders
51
what are some digestive disorders in rabbits?
- gut statis - mucoid enteropathy - epizootic rabbit enterocolitis - gastric dilation
52
what are some reproductive disorders in rabbits?
- mastitis - rabbit syphilis - uterine adenocarcinoma - endometrial hyperplasia and polyps - pregnancy toxaemia
53
what are some musculoskeletal disorders in rabbits?
- arthritis - fractures and dislocations - splay leg

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