Medical Exam Review 2

Question 1

A 20-year-old male has a large laceration to his wrist. He is holding a blood-soaked towel over the wound, but it continues to bleed rapidly. You should:

A. Wrap the towel with pressure bandages

B. Administer high-flow supplemental oxygen

C. Apply pressure to the brachial artery

D. Apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist

Question 2

A 4-year-old, 15-kg male ingested an unknown quantity of acetaminophen (Tylenol). The child’s mother states that she does not know when the ingestion occurred. The child is conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. The EMT should:

A. Administer high-flow supplemental oxygen

B. Administer 15 g of activated charcoal

C. Contact medical control for guidance

D. Give the child milk to absorb the Tylenol

Question 3

A 66-year-old woman experienced a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She has a history of type 2 diabetes and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). On the basis of her medical history, which of the following should the EMT suspect?

A. Severe hypoglycemia

B. Diabetic ketoacidosis

C. Pulmonary embolism

D. Congestive heart failure

Question 4

A man finds his 59-year-old wife unconscious on the couch. He states that she takes medications for type 2 diabetes. He further tells you that his wife has been ill recently and has not eaten for the past 24 hours. Your assessment reveals that the patient is unresponsive. You should:

A. Assess for the presence of a medical identification tag

B. Administer oral glucose between her cheek and gum

C. Administer 100% oxygen via a non-rebreathing mask

D. Open and maintain her airway and assess breathing

Question 5

Activated charcoal may be indicated for a patient who ingested:

A. Ethanol

B. Aspirin

C. Methanol

D. Iron

Question 6

Airborne substances should be diluted with:

A. Syrup of ipecac

B. An alkaline antidote

C. Oxygen

D. Activated charcoal

Question 7

Anaphylaxis is not always life threatening, but it typically involves:

A. Multiple organ systems

B. Wheezing

C. Urticaria

D. Wheals

Question 8

As you approach a patient lying at the side of a roadway, you observe severe bleeding from the leg. What should your first action be?

A. Administer oxygen

B. Open the airway

C. Control the bleeding

D. Check for a pulse

Question 9

Between each chest compression, you should _____

A. Remove your hands from the chest

B. Administer a breath

C. Check for a pulse

D. Allow full chest recoil

Question 10

Blood glucose levels are measured in:

A. Microliters per decigram

B. Milligrams per deciliter

C. Milliliters per decigram

D. Micrograms per deciliter

Question 11

Distributive shock occurs when:

A. An injury causes restriction of the heart muscles and impairs its pumping function

B. Severe bleeding causes tachycardia in order to distribute blood to the organs faster

C. Widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds

D. Temporary but severe vasodilation causes a decrease in blood supply to the brain

Question 12

Foods, medications, and insects are common causes of ____

A. Anaphylactic shock

B. Psychogenic shock

C. Neurogenic shock

D. Septic shock

Question 13

Gastric distention will MOST likely occur:

A. When the airway is completely obstructed

B. In patients who are intubated

C. If you ventilate a patient too quickly

D. When you deliver minimal tidal volume

Question 14

Hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of:

A. Red blood cells

B. Plasma

C. Platelets

D. Whole blood

Question 15

If a patient with vaginal bleeding presents with a rapid pulse and pale or cool skin, you should:

A. Attempt to locate the source of bleeding and correct it

B. Inquire about recent problems with urination

C. Place the patient in a supine position with her legs elevated

D. Consider this to be a normal sign in a menstruating woman

Question 16

In contrast to a behavioral crisis, a psychiatric emergency occurs when a person:

A. Exhibits impaired functioning due to a chemical or genetic disturbance

B. Experiences feelings of sadness and despair for longer than a month

C. Becomes agitated or violent and is a threat to him - or herself or others

D. Experiences a sudden attack of panic secondary to a stressful situation

Question 17

In contrast to type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes:

A. Occurs when antibodies attack insulin-producing cells

B. Is commonly diagnosed in children and young adults

C. Is caused by a complete lack of insulin in the body

D. Is caused by resistance to insulin at the cellular level

Question 18

In most cases, cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is caused by:

A. A drug overdose

B. Severe chest trauma

C. Respiratory arrest

D. A cardiac dysrhythmia

Question 19

Ketone production is the result of:

A. Blood glucose levels higher than 120 mg/dl

B. Fat metabolization when glucose is unavailable

C. Acidosis when blood glucose levels are low

D. Rapid entry of glucose across the cell membrane

Question 20

Kussmaul respirations are an indication that the body is:

A. Compensating for decreased blood glucose levels

B. Severely hypoxic and is eliminating excess CO2

C. Trying to generate energy by breathing deeply

D. Attempting to eliminate acids from the blood

Question 21

Multiple raised, swollen, area on the skin that itch or burn are the result of an insect bite or sting are called:

A. Pustules

B. Urticaria

C. Purpura

D. Helvetica

Question 22

Often the most important intervention for a sexual assault patient is ____ and transport to a facility with a staff specially trained to deal with this scenario.

A. Bandaging skills

B. Excellent assessment skills

C. Comforting reassurance

D. Emotional sympathy

Question 23

Painful urination associated with burning and a yellowish discharge is associated with:

A. Chlamydia

B. Syphilis

C. Gonorrhea

D. Endometriosis

Question 24

Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during:

Question 25

Shock due to a severe infection is called _____

Question 26

Signs of a sudden severe upper airway obstruction include all of the following, EXCEPT