medication Flashcards
(23 cards)
adenosine
antiarrhythmic
used in paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
restores sinus rhythm
prolongs delay in AV node
digoxin
cardiac glycoside
used in AF and heart failure
slows AV conduction
SE - nausea, vomiting, yellow vision, ventricular arrhythmias, bradycardia, heart block
ramipril
lisinopril
fosinopril
ACE used in hypertension, heart failure ACE inhibitor, vasodilator SE - cough, renal dysfunction, angioneurotic, oedema not in pregnancy
doxazosin
alpha blocker
used in hypertension, prostatic hypertrophy
blocks alpha adrenoceptors to cause vasodilation
SE - postural hypotension
ranolazine
Na channel modulator
used in refractory angina
decrease calcium load on heart
SE - asthenia, constipation, headache, vomiting
sacubitril/valsartan
neprilysin inhibitor/ARB
used in heart failure
SE - hypotension, renal impairment, hyperkalaemia, angioneurotic oedema
losartan
valsartan
candesartan
ARB used in heart failure, hypertension blocks angiotensin I becoming angiotensin II SE - renal dysfunction, no cough not in pregnancy
ivabradine
If channel used in angina slows heart rate blocks HCN channel in SA node only works in sinus rhythm SE - altered visual disturbance
bisoprolol
atenolol
propanolol
carvedilol
beat blocker
used in angina, ACS, MI, hypertension, heart failure
blocks beta 1 receptors
slows heart rate
not used in asthma
worsen heart failure in short term, cardiogenic shock, tired, cold peripheries
cyclizine
ondansetron
prochlorperazine
antiemetic
give with morphine
warfarin
anti-coagulant
vitamin K
prosthetic heart valves
risk of haemorrhage
nicorandil
K channel activator
used in angina
vasodilator
SE - headache, mouth and GI ulcers
bendrofluazide
furosemide
diuretics
used in hypertension, heart failure
blocks Na reabsorption in kidneys
SE - hypokaelemia, hyperglycaemia
amiodarone
sotalol
flecanide
anti-arrhythmic
used in AF, VT
IV - fall in BP
rivaroxaban
dabigatran
edoxaban
DOAC
used in DVT, PE, NSTEMI, AF
heparin
anticoagulant
risk of haemorrhage
allirocumab
evolucumab
PCSK9 inhibitor
used in high cholesterol
inhibits binding of PCSK9 increases LDLRs available to clear LDL
spiralactone
antimineralocorticoid
used in heart failure, hypertension
blocks aldosterone receptors
SE - gynaecomastia, hyperkaelemia, renal impairment
isosorbide mononitrate
long acting nitrate
used in angina, acute heart failure
organic nitrates relax all smooth muscle via their metabolism to NO
SE - headache, hypotension, collapse
aspirin
clopidogrel
ticagrelor
prasugrel
anti platelet
used in angina, MI, stroke, TIA
prevent new thrombosis
SE - haemorrhage, peptic ulcer, sensitivity
bezafibrate
fibrate
used in low HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia
atorvastatin simvastatin pravastatin fluvastatin rosuvastatin
statin
used in hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes, ACS, stroke, MI
blocks HMG CoA reductase
SE - myopathy, rhabolomyolysis- renal failure
amalodipine
verapamil
diltiazem
calcium channel blocker used in hypertension, angina vasodilator SE - ankle oedema not used in heart failure
