medication continuation

Question 1

Changes in old ppl metabolism of drugs

Answer 1

drug receptors in brain are more sensitive——

liver is smaller and less effective, so drugs aren’t processed as quickly and have longer half life——-

absorption slows——-

vascular nerve control is less stable so anti HTN stuff might overshoot——-

bloodflow and GFR slow in kidneys so excretion is slower and drugs are in circulation longer——-

less plasma proteins and water, so concentration of drugs in system increases——–

Question 2

Types of topical medical applications

Answer 2

skin
nasal instillation
eye instillation –> expensive
ear instillation
vaginal and rectal instillation

Question 3

inhalation meds

Answer 3

pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs)
Breath-actuated metered dose inhalers (BAIs)
Dry powder inhalers (DPIs)

Question 4

Irrigation

Answer 4

another form of medicinal administration

Question 5

equipment needed for parenteral administration

Answer 5

syringes
needles
disposable injection units

Question 6

preparing an injection from an ampule

Answer 6

snap off ampule neck
aspirate medication into syringe using filter needle
replace filter needle with appropriate size needle or needless device

Question 7

mixing meds from vial and an ampule

Answer 7

prep med from vial first

use same syringe and filter needle to withdraw medication from ampule

Question 8

mixing meds from 2 vials

Answer 8

don’t contaminate one med with another

ensure final dose is correct

maintain aseptic technique

Question 9

Insulin
use
concentrations
administration methods
rate of action

Answer 9

for diabetes
U-100 and U-500
Syringes and pens

rapid-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting
-can use more than one type

Question 10

subcutaneous injections

Answer 10

arms, back, abdomen, thighs
5/8” needle
45 or 90 degree angle

Question 11

intramuscular injections

Answer 11

90 degrees
1 to 1.5” needle

ventrogluteal
vastus lateralis
deltoid

Question 12

Intradermal injections

Answer 12

5 to 15 degrees –> skin testing
0.25 to 0.5” needle

Question 13

Intravenous administration

Answer 13

large volume infusions
intravenous bolus

Volume controlled infusions
-piggyback
-volume-conrol administration
-syringe pump

Intermittent venous access

Question 14

Safety guidelines for nursing skills

Answer 14

be vigilant during med administration
ensure patient gets correct med
know why they’re getting the med
verify meds haven’t expired
use 2 identifiers against MAR
check med 3 times
clarify unclear med orders
use available technology
aseptic technique during parenteral prep and admin
educate patients ab med
you can’t delegate med admin
follow safety to prevent needlestick

Question 15

Piggyback other name

Answer 15

secondary
-bigger (primary) is lower –> secondary is higher

Question 16

1 thing to check when administering IV

Answer 16

compatibility

Question 17

syringe pumps

Answer 17

PCAs and ped meds