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NH OCME ADME Functional Knowledge > Medications > Flashcards

Medications Flashcards

(96 cards)

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1
Q

Where is insulin typically stored?

A

In the refrigerator

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2
Q

What type of health conditions might a patient who takes medication’s such as atorvastatin, lovastatin, rosuvastatin, ezetimibe, Repatha, Praulent, fish oil, or pravastatin have?

A

high cholesterol, coronary artery disease

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3
Q

Name common diabetic medications

A

metformin, insulin, glipizide, semaglutide (Ozempic), Liraglutide (Victoza), dapagliflozin (Forxiga/Farxiga), dulaglutide (Trulicity), Canagliflozin (Invokana), drugs ending in -gliptin

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4
Q

what is atropine for?

A

making slow hearts go faster

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5
Q

what is epinephrine for?

A

making hearts that aren’t beating beats again

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6
Q

What type of medication is ceftriaxone?

A

antibiotic

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7
Q

What kind of medication is dexamethasone?

A

steroid

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8
Q

What health conditions are steroids helpful for?

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, autoimmune disorders

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9
Q

What is a synonym for dextrose?

A

sugar

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10
Q

What conditions might diazepam (Valium) be helpful for?

A

anxiety, seizures, agitation (for sedation)

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11
Q

Name some common medications for high blood pressure.

A

lisinopril, amlodipine, spironolactone, metoprolol (even though it is the absolute worst antihypertensive), diltiazem, spironolactone, carvedilol, propanolol, doxazosin, hydralazine, hydrochlorothiazide

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12
Q

What is spironolactone used for?

A

heart failure, high blood pressure, high potassium

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13
Q

What is furosemide for?

A

taking extra water off people in heart failure, reducing serum potassium

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14
Q

What is another name for diphenhydramine?

A

benadryl

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15
Q

What is droperidol used for?

A

cyclic vomiting (due to overuse of cannabis), also good for sedating people who are irritating

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16
Q

True or false: fentanyl comes in both illicit and commercially manufactured forms, which can be differentiated by their analogs (metabolites).

A

True

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17
Q

What is haldol used for?

A

calming agitated patients

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18
Q

What is the difference between a blood thinner and anti-platelet medication?

A

blood thinners act on clotting factors produced in the liver and temporarily inhibit their function in the clotting cascade; anti platelets irreversibly bind to platelets and prevent them from sticking together until the platelets are destroyed approximately every 14 days

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19
Q

Name common blood thinning medications.

A

Eliquis (apixaban), Xarelto (rivaroxaban), savaysa, Pradaxa, warfarin/coumadin, heparnin, lovanox

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20
Q

What is another name for Tylenol?

A

Acetaminophen

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21
Q

Albuterol is commonly prescribed for what health conditions?

A

asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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22
Q

What health conditions might diazepam be used for?

A

seizures, anxiety

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23
Q

What medication is commonly utilized to try to reverse an opiate or opioid overdose?

A

naloxone/Narcan

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24
Q

What is nitro or nitroglycerin used for?

A

vasodilation during a suspected acute coronary event

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25
What is epinephrine for?
encouraging cardiac activity in cardiac arrest, treatment of severe allergic reactions, treatment of low blood pressure in shock
26
What is D10?
dextrose - used to treat hypoglycemia
27
What condition is suspected if someone has been treated by EMS with 2-Pam (aka pralidoxime or protopam)?
organophosphate poisoning
28
What is Ceftriaxone?
antibiotic
29
What is oxytocin/Pitocin used for?
causes contractions in the uterus - used to slow post partum hemorrhage or induce labor
30
What is adenosine used for?
abortion of abnormal heart rhythm (supraventricular)
31
What is amiodarone used for?
termination of abnormal heart rhythm (supraventricular or ventricular), used during cardiac arrest, used for both chronic and acute treatment
32
What are dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, and predisone?
glucocorticoid steroids
33
What is diltiazem used for?
slow the heart down for fast arrhythmias, blood pressure control
34
What is Toradol or Ketorolac?
NSAID pain reliever/anti-inflammatory (strong injectable cousin of ibuprofen)
35
What is metoprolol used for?
slowing fast heart rates, blood pressure (although it is relatively ineffective at reducing blood pressure), improving anginal symptoms (aka symptoms of stable ischemic coronary artery diseases)
36
What is another name for Lopressor?
metoprolol
37
What is the difference between metoprolol tartrate and metoprolol succinate?
metoprolol tartrate is short acting (typically taken twice daily), metoprolol succinate is long acting (typically taken once daily)
38
What is ketamine?
dissociative drug used illicitly for recreation and medically for procedural sedation and rarely in the outpatient setting for treatment of depression symptoms refractory to standard treatments
39
What is another name for lorazepam?
ativan
40
What is Ativan/Lorazepam used for?
anxiety
41
What is nicardipine used for?
blood pressure, reducing heart rate
42
What is TXA short for?
tranexamic acid
43
What is TXA/tranexamic acid used for?
stopping bleeding
44
What is Eliquis/apixaban?
blood thinner (factor Xa inhibitor)
45
What is Xarelto/rivaroxaban?
blood thinner (factor Xa inhibitor)
46
What is Coumadin/Warfarin?
blood thinner
47
What is amlodipine for?
to lower blood pressure
48
What is fluoxetine for?
depression/anxiety
49
What is escitalopram for?
depression/anxiety
50
What is lithium for?
antipsychotic
51
What is amoxicillin?
antibiotic - used to treat infections
52
What is metformin?
oral (by mouth) medication for diabetes
53
What is levothyroxine?
medication for low thyroid function
54
What is lisinopril for?
to lower blood pressure
55
What is gabapentin often used for?
nerve pain (developed for seizures, but had poor efficacy)
56
What is omeprazole for?
heartburn
57
What is hydrochlorothiazide for?
blood pressure, weak diuretic
58
What are the most concerning adverse effects of medications such as fentanyl, oxycodone, hydrocodone, Dilaudid?
respiratory depression (stopping breathing), addiction
59
What is cephalexin (Keflex)?
antibiotic - treats infections
60
What is cyclobenzaprine?
muscle relaxant
61
What is pantoprazole for?
acid reflux
62
What is allopurinol used to treat?
gout
63
What is amitriptyline used to treat?
anxiety, depression, insomnia, migraines
64
What is atenolol for?
lowering heart rates, some blood pressure reduction
65
What is azithromycin for?
treating infections
66
What is baclofen used for?
muscle relaxant
67
What is bisacodyl for?
laxative - relief of constipation
68
What is furosemide for?
diuretic - takes fluid off
69
What is Torsemide for?
diuretic - takes fluid off (more bioavailable than furosemide)
70
What is bumetanide (Bumex)?
diuretic - takes fluid off (more bioavailable than furosemide)
71
What is clopidogrel (Plavix) used for?
keeps platelets from sticking together, stronger than aspirin, initial post heart attack or stroke treatment
72
What is cyanocobalamin?
vitamin B12
73
What is doxazosin?
blood pressure medication, commonly causes lightheadedness in elderly patients
74
What is doxycycline?
antibiotic - treats infections
75
What is ezetimibe for?
treatment of high cholesterol
76
What is eplerenone for?
blood pressure, diuretic, conserves serum potassium
77
What is escitalopram used for?
anxiety/depression
78
What is erythromycin?
antibiotic - used for treating infections
79
What is ferrous sulfate?
iron
80
What is finasteride used for?
treatment of benign prostetic hypertrophy
81
What is lamotrigine used for?
seizures, bipolar disorder
82
What is levetiracetam (Keppra) for?
seizures
83
What is mesalazine used to treat?
inflammatory bowel disease
84
What is olmesartan used for?
high blood pressure
85
What is Paxlovid used for?
Covid
86
What is phenytoin used for?
seizures, trigeminal neuralgia
87
What is risperidone used for?
schizophrenia, bipolar disorder
88
What is ropinerole used for?
restless leg syndrome, Parkinson's
89
What is Senna used for?
constipation
90
What is Sertraline used for?
anxiety/depression
91
What is thiamine?
vitamin B1
92
What is tramadol used for?
pain control, contains opiates (has unpredictable effect person to person based on dosage)
93
What is trazodone for?
sleep
94
What is valproic acid (VPA) used for?
bipolar disorder, epilepsy, migraines
95
What is verapamil used for?
blood pressure control, decreasing fast heart rates
96
What is venlafaxine for?
depression/anxiety

NH OCME ADME Functional Knowledge (3 decks)

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