Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nursing > Medications > Flashcards

Medications Flashcards

(69 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Curative

A

Cures a disease or condition

Example penicillin for infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Supportive

A

Supports body function until other treatments or the body’s response can take over.

Example blood pressure meds, aspirin for fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Substitutive

A

Replaces body fluids or substances

Examples. Thyroxine for hypothyroidism and insulin for diabetes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Chemotherapeutic

A

Destroys malignant cells

Example busily an for leukemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Restorative

A

Returns the body to health

Example vitamin and mineral supplements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Palliative

A

Relieves the symptoms of a disease but does not affect the disease itself

Example morphine sulfate and aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Drug tolerance

A

Exists in a person Who exhibits an unusually low physiological response to a drug who requires increase in the dosage to maintain a given therapeutic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cumulative effect

A

The increasing response to repeated doses of a drug that occurs when the rate of administration exceeds the rate of metabolism or excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Idiosyncratic affect

A

One that is unexpected and maybe individual to a client. It has the opposite effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Potentiating effect

A

The effect of one or both drugs may be increased. Increase action of each other the same class

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Inhibiting effect

A

The fact of one or both drugs may decrease. Giving drug B to stop effects of drug A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Synergistic effect

A

Occurs when two different drugs increase the action of one or another drug. different classes work together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Iatrogenic disease

A

Disease caused unintentionally by medical therapy can be a result of drug therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Drug habituation

A

Denotes a mild form of psychological dependence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Onset of action

A

The time after administration when the body initially respond to the drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Drug half-life

A

The time required for the elimination process to reduce the concentration of the drug to one half what it was at initial administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

The mechanism of drug action and the relationships between drug concentration and responses in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Receptor

A

The drugs specific target usually a protein located on the surface of a cell membrane or within the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Agonist

A

When a drug produces the same type of response as the physiological or endogenous substance. Stimulates, makes action happen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Physiological dependence

A

Due to biochemical changes in body tissues, especially the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Antagonist

A

A drug that inhibits cell function by occupying receptor sites. Blocks or stops the response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Effectiveness and potency

A

How it is acting at a cellular level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Absorption

A

The process by which a drug passes into the blood stream. The rate of absorption of a drug in the stomach is variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Biotransformation

Also detoxification or metabolism

A

Is a process by which a drug is converted to a less active form

Most of the time it takes place in the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Metabolites
The products of biotransformation Active and inactive
26
Excretion
The process by which metabolites and drugs are eliminated by the body. It is eliminated by the kidneys, some feces, the breath, perspiration, saliva and breast milk
27
Pharmacogenetics
A branch of pharmacology that examines the role of genetics in response to drugs
28
Ethnopharmacology
The study of the effect of racial and ethnic differences/responses to prescribed medication
29
Time of administration
The time of administration of oral meds affects the relative speed with which they act. Some are Absorbed more quickly on an empty stomach while others are absorbed more rapidly with food
30
Parental
By needle
31
Single order
A one time order for medication to be given once at a specified time
32
Standing order
May be carried out indefinitely until an order is written to cancel or to be carried out for a specified number of days
33
Parts of a drug order 7
``` Full name of client Date and time the order is written Name of the drug to be administered Dosage of drug Frequency of administration Route of administration Signature of the person writing order ```
34
Parts of a prescription 9
Client info name address and sometimes age Date on which the prescription was written Medication name dosage and strength Route of administration Dispensing instructions for pharmacist Directions for administration for a client Refill labeling Prescribers signature The RX symbol
35
Medication reconciliation
The process of creating the most accurate list possible if all medications a patient is taking and comparing it against the physicians admission, transfer, and/or discharge orders
36
Five rights of med administration
``` Right patient Right drug Right time Right dose Right route ```
37
Psychological changes associated with aging the influence of medication administration and effectiveness
Altered memory Decreased visual acuity Decrease in renal functioning Less complete and slower absorption from the GI tract Increased proportion of fat to lean body mass Which facilitates retention of fat soluble drugs and increases the potential for toxicity
38
Administering medications by nasogastric or gastrostomy tube
Check with the pharmacist to see if the med comes in a liquid form Crush a tab if possible and combine it with 30 ml warm sterile water ( at least 10 ml depending on how many pills) Do not give whole or undissolved pills it can clog tube Access tube placement prior to giving meds Aspirate stomach content Remove plunged from syringe and connect to a pinched or kinked tube Put 15-30ml sterile water to flush Pour meds into syringe barrel and let flow by gravity Flush with tap water in between meds When done flush with 15-30ml warm water Disconnect suction and keep tube clamped for 20-30 minutes after giving meds
39
SC injections
``` 0.5 -1 ml 1-2ml syringe or units for insulin Generally #25 gauge 5/8 inch 45 degrees when 1 in can be pinched And 90 degrees when 2 in can be pinched ```
40
Injection sites need to be rotated to
Minimize tissue damage, aid in absorption, and avoid discomfort
41
IM injections
``` Are absorbed more quickly than subcutaneous injections because of the greater blood supply to the body muscles. Can use up to 3 mL of meds Deltoid-0.5-1ml 3-5 ml syringe 1 1/2 in and #21 or #22 gauge needle ```
42
Factors that indicate the size and length of needles abused
The muscle The type of solution The amount of adipose tissue covering the muscle The age of the client
43
Ventral gluteal site
The preferred site for intramuscular injections Because it contains no large nerves or blood vessels and is sealed off by bone Provides the greatest thickness of gluteal muscle and it's free of penetrating nerves
44
Vastus Lateralis site
Is usually sick and well-developed and both adults and children it is recommended as a site of choice for IM injections for infants and young children because it is the largest muscle
45
Rectus femoris site
Clients to administer their own injections can reach this site easily
46
Deltoid site
Recommended site for hepatitis B vaccine flu and TDP | Not often used for I am injections because it is very close to the radial nerve and radial artery
47
Z track
Less painful technique and it decreases leakage of irritating medications into the subcutaneous tissue Good for a thick medication Traps medicine and muscle layer Good for iron testosterone depro vera
48
Intravenous medications
Are appropriate when a rapid effect is required or when medications are too irritating to tissue Used and a large volume infusion. of intravenous fluid and intermittent intravenous infusion (piggyback or tandem)
49
Large volume infusions
Mixing a medication into a large IV container is the safest and easiest way to administer a drug intravenously Fluid such as IV normal saline or ringers lactate are frequently used The main danger of infusing a large volume of fluid is circulatory overload or Hypervolemia
50
Hypervolemia
Circulatory overload with a large volume of fluid
51
Tandem
Ran concurrent
52
Piggyback
Secondary bag Used for intermittent or simultaneous med administration with primary solution Hang small bag higher
53
Intravenous push (IVP) or bolus
It is used when a medication cannot be diluted or in an emergency
54
Disadvantages to IVP
An error and administration cannot be corrected after the drug has entered the client The drug may be irritating to the blood vessels Never administer a med IVP in a line that is infusing blood or blood products
55
SASH flushing procedure
Saline -administer drug-saline- heparin
56
Percutaneous
The route of absorption through the skin
57
Nasal medication
Usually used for their astringent effect to shrink swollen mucous membranes
58
Administering nasal spray
Client blow their nose Seated position with head tilted back Tip of the container just inside the nares Inhale gently as the spray enters the nasal passage
59
Rectal medications
Insertion of medications into the rectum in the form of suppositories is a frequent practice rectal administration is it convenient and safe method of giving medications
60
Advantages of a rectal medications
Avoids irritation of the upper GI Better when med has objectionable taste or odor Drug is released slowly and steady Rectal suppositories are thought to provide higher bloodstream levels of medication
61
Inserting a rectal suppository
Assist client to left lateral or left Sam's position with upper leg flexed Lubricate the small round and lubricate the glove index finger Encourage the client to relax my breathing through the Insert the suppository gently and the anal canal along the rectal wall Avoid embedding the suppository in feces Plus the clients Buttocks together for a few minutes Asked the client to remain in the position for at least five minutes
62
Using a metered dose inhaler
Remove the mouthpiece cap Shake vigorously for 3 to 5 seconds Exhale comfortably as in a normal breath Press down once on the MDI canister and inhale slowly for 3 to 5 seconds and deeply through the mouth Hold your breath for 10 seconds or as long as possible Rinse mouth with tap water to remove any medication Clean the mouthpiece after each use
63
Never give IVP meds with
Blood infusing Total parental nutrition (TPN) Vasoactive drugs infusion
64
IV bags are good for
24 hours
65
IV tubing and sites are good for
72 hours and then change
66
Outside line starts are only good for
24 hours
67
Extravasation
Leaking, pain, coolness, or swelling. The IV is no longer in the vein or leaking With drugs. Sloughing off of skin
68
Phlebitis
Vein inflammation-Monitor for erythema, hardness, swelling, pain. IV take out and warm compress
69
Pharmacokinetics
How medicine travels through the body- absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion.

Nursing (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions