medicine 2

Question 1

when does premature atrial contractions need meds? and what to use

Answer 1

when symptomatic distress or SVT

use beta blockers

Question 2

uremic pericarditis treated with…

Answer 2

hemodialysis

Question 3

HOCM has what genetic pattern

Answer 3

aut dom

Question 4

management for acute limb ischemia after MI

Answer 4

anticoagulation

consult vascular surg

echo- screen for LV thrombus

Question 5

ideal imaging for aortic dissection for hemodynamically stable vs unstable and/or renal dz?

Answer 5

stable: CT

unstable/renal dz: echo

Question 6

mitral regurgitation presentation on auscultation

Answer 6

holosystolic murmur heard best at apex

radiation to axilla

Question 7

mitral regurg symptoms

Answer 7

exertional SOB

fatigue

afib

HF

Question 8

patient with liver dz who has upper GI bleed. think..

Answer 8

esophageal varices

Question 9

treating esophageal varices

Answer 9

2 peripheral Ivs

abx

octreotide

active bleeding: urgent endoscopy band ligation–> TIPS
no active bleeding: beta blockers with repeat endoscopic ligation

Question 10

hints of laxative abuse

Answer 10

frequent watery nocturnal diarrhea

melanosis coli- brown discoloration of colon from bisacodyl

Question 11

how does liver cirrhosis decrease T3 and T4

Answer 11

decrease TBG –> decrease T3 and T4 in circulation

Question 12

risk factors for pancreatic cancer

Answer 12

family hx, genes

smoking

obesity

chronic pancreatitis

Question 13

which deficiency? hypogonadism, impaired taste, alopecia, perioral skin rash

Answer 13

zinc def

Question 14

angiodysplasia symptoms

Answer 14

recurrent painless GI bleeding

Question 15

angiodysplasia pathology

Answer 15

dilated submucosal veins and arteriovenous malformations

Question 16

diagnosis and treatment of angiodysplasia

Answer 16

dx: c scope
tx: asx dont need anything. if anemic, cauterize

Question 17

initial management for renal artery stenosis

Answer 17

ACEI or ARBs

stent only for refractory

Question 18

metabolic acidosis + envelope shaped Ca oxalate crystals, what etiology?

Answer 18

ethylene glycol

Question 19

short term and long term treatment for hypercalcemia

Answer 19

short: saline hydration
long: bisphosphanates

avoid loop diuretics

Question 20

lung mass + hypercalcemia , think…

Answer 20

PTH-related protein producing tumor

Question 21

most common form of nephrotic syn in Hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 21

minimal change disease

Question 22

common nephorit syn in multiple myeloma

Answer 22

amyloidosis

Question 23

hyperkalemia on EKG

Answer 23

tall peaked T waves

PR prolongation, QRS wdiening

P wave disappearance

Question 24

how did a cirrhotic patient with ascites and volume overload turn from metabolic acidosis to alkalosis?

Answer 24

loop diureitcs

Question 25

does acute kidney injury cause metabolic acidosis or alkalosis

Answer 25

acidosis

Question 26

does bowel ischemia cause metabolic acidosis or alkalosis

Answer 26

acidosis

Question 27

meds that can cause hyperkalemia

Answer 27

beta blockers NSAIDs ACEI, ARBs, K+ sparking diuretics digoxin

Question 28

most common form of drug-induced chronic renal failure

Answer 28

analgesic nephropathy- eg. NSAIDs