Medievil Health Flashcards
Hippocrates
He worked with observation
4 houmours
Black bile (earth) yellow bile (fire) blood (air) phlegm (water)
Galen
Dissected animals
Found arteries
500 years after hippocrates
Worked on anatomy and four humours
Ali Razi
Observed patience
Found measles and small pox
Wrote 150 books
Thought Galen’s work can be improved on
Wrote ‘doubts on Galen’
Avicenna
Wrote cannon of medicine, over 1,000,000 words.
It talked about 750 drugs. This was used well into the 1700s
diagnosis tools
Urine chart, they’d look, smell and/ or taste wee to look for the illness.
zodiac chart, parts of the body work with different start signs.
causes of illness
God-he’s punishing you
miasma- bad air leads to illness
supernatural- if galactic things were out of place you’d get ill
every day life- you just end up ill
four humours- the idea if your four humours were imbalanced, you’d get ill
treatments
prayers- if you pray to God he may help
Whipping- punish yourself for sin
urine charts- they’d use them
Smell good- use herbs etc to avoid miasma
zodiac charts- star signs show how likely you are to get diseases.
blood letting- because of the 4 humours, they bled to balance.
vomiting- they’d balance yellow bile.
types of surgeons
physician- Asian, dealt with body parts, university trained, expensive.
barber surgeons-small operations, like broken bones and teeth, they cut hair, cheap, less trained.
apothecary- they used herbs to make medicine
midwife- child birth, untrained old women
quack- sold fake medicine, travelled, placebos
wise woman- they had “wisom” passed down. Also midwifes
The lady of the house- help the house.
Hugh and Theodoric of Lucca
From Bologna Italy
Wine to stop infection.
made safe way to remove an arrow
not famous because they didn’t agree with Hippocrates
Stopped by De Chauliac
De Chauliac
From France
wrote about Galen
890 quotes used
his book ( great surgery) was around for 200 years
frugadi
Italian
Wrote practice of surgery in 1180
big in Europe
warned against trepanning
did chest operations and removed bladder stones
John of Arderne
From England
made a working anestetic with opium
expensive to have him treat u
helped with anal fistulas
Abuclaisis
muslim
called “father of modern surgery”
wrote 30 volume book Al Tasrif in 1000
Invented 26 surgecal instruments
eg ligatures to tie off blood vessels
Mondion
Italian
wrote Anthamia
told people how to disect
used for 200 years
book allowed for more developments
How Christianity hinder medicine
Doctor shouldn’t heal, only predict illness and find why God sent it
Church believed traditional medical knowledge from ancient world
Galen and hippocrates were right
Praying was best treatment
Hosiptals without docs but instead they had nuns and monks
