Meiji Flashcards
(21 cards)
What happened during the early mid Meiji
Emperor moves to tokyo (new name for edo)
Iwakura mission
Promulgation of Meiji constitution
Who were the key figures of Meiji restoration
Kido drafted Five Charter Oath
and Oversaw Emperor Meiji Education
Okubo enacted tax reform and leader of early Meiji government
Saigo rebelled against meiji government in 1877 ( was defeated), proposed invasion of Korea, and opponent of modernization
What was the Iwakura Mission
Headed by Iwakura Tomomi
Objectives:
Renegotiate unequal treaty
Learn as much as possible about education systems, government, industry, banking, communication, etc
What were some of the early mid Meiji reforms
Abolition of four class social system
Abolition of domains and establishment of prefecture
First national news paper
National single currency act
Creation of national land tax system
Ban on christianity lifted
National elementary education
Sino-Japanese War
What was the first modern economy like
Railways lines
Specialized banks offering long term credit
Industrialization
Mining
What was national newspaper like
First national newspaper established in 1872
Peace preservation law in 1887 (Censorship power)
Control of information
What was modern education system like
1873 ministry of education established
Student sent to US and Europe
Foreign instructors brought to Japan
Tokyo Imperial university established 1877
Imperial rescript on education 1890
What are the 3 stages of civilization
- Primitive: Africa, Australia
- Semi developed: Turkey, China, Japan
- Civilized: Europe, US
What were the aims of modern education system
Provide all citizens with skills for modernization (literacy, numeracy, etc)
Instills sense of loyalty to country
Shape moral character
What did Meiji constitution of 1889 look like
Emperor is head of state
Legislature:
-House of peers
-House of representatives
(elected by property owners, 1.1%)
What was the Sino-Japanese War
Fought over control of korea
Treaty of Shimonoseki
-China ceasing claim over korea, and ceded territory to Japan
-China payment of indemnity and opening of seven ports to japan
What did late Meiji look like
britain-japan alliance
Russo-Japanese War (Portsmouth treaty)
Japan-korea annexation treaty
Japan regains control over customs duties (end of unequal treaties and extraterritorially
Boxer rebellion in china
What does national polity refer to
grouping together people of similar feelings and the fostering of stronger bonds with ones countryman than with foreigners
What are 4 key elements to make a modern nation
- Land (territorial sovereignty)
- Law (a national legal system)
- Race (familial relation between citizens)
- Unity (of politics, of history, of religion, of language, of education)
What is the idea of an individual
Legal individual
Political individual
Economic individual
Spiritual individual
Medical/Psychological individual
What was the boxer rebellion
Unrest in northern eastern china in the aftermath of sino-japanese war
Anti imperialist, anti foreign, anti christian popular uprising
Puts down by eight national alliance
What was Russo-Japanese War
Fought due to tensions over korea and manchuria
Portsmouth Treaty Allowed japan rights over korea, expansion into manchuria, southern half of sakhalin
Japan-Korea Annexation treaty
End to unequal treaties (restoration of tariff autonomy) and extraterritoriality
Japan regains full control over import tax in 1911
What were the economic developments
-Steel (shipbuilding), textiles (Silk),
-Import of raw materials, export of manufactured goods
-Increased urbanization
-Increased labor productivity
Exploitation of workers
What were the social developments
Immigration policies:
65,000 Japanese in Hawaii, 60,000 in continental US
What was the socialist movement
Founding of social democratic party
Socialist newspaper reporting on labor unrest
Feminist newspaper covering conditions of japanese women workers in mines, textile mills, and brothels.
news of suffrage movements of women in other countries
What were the riots in Tokyo
Sept 5-7, 1905 (in Hibiya Park)
-Against peace ending Russo-Japanese War
-For “constitutional government”
March 15-18, Sept 5-8, 1906 (Hibiya Park)
-Against streetcar fare increases, “unconstitutional behavior of government
Feb 10, 1913 (outside imperial diet)
-For constitutional government
