Meiosis Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is meiosis?
Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, creating four haploid cells from one diploid cell.
True or False: Meiosis occurs in somatic cells.
False
What is the main purpose of meiosis?
The main purpose of meiosis is to produce gametes for sexual reproduction.
Fill in the blank: Meiosis consists of two successive divisions known as _____ and _____ phases.
meiosis I and meiosis II
What is the difference between meiosis and mitosis?
Meiosis results in four genetically diverse haploid cells, while mitosis results in two genetically identical diploid cells.
During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
Crossing over occurs during prophase I.
Multiple Choice: How many chromosomes are present in a human gamete?
23
What are homologous chromosomes?
Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes, one from each parent, that are similar in shape, size, and genetic content.
True or False: Meiosis results in the production of diploid cells.
False
What is synapsis?
Synapsis is the pairing of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.
Fill in the blank: The process of random assortment of chromosomes during meiosis increases _____ diversity.
genetic
During which stage of meiosis do sister chromatids separate?
Sister chromatids separate during anaphase II.
What is the role of spindle fibers in meiosis?
Spindle fibers help to separate chromosomes during cell division.
Multiple Choice: How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
Four
What is gametogenesis?
Gametogenesis is the process by which gametes are formed through meiosis.
True or False: Meiosis occurs only in animal cells.
False
What is the significance of genetic recombination during meiosis?
Genetic recombination increases genetic diversity among offspring.
Fill in the blank: The two divisions in meiosis are known as _____ and _____ divisions.
reductional and equational
What are the phases of meiosis I?
Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I
During which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes line up at the equatorial plane?
Metaphase I and Metaphase II
Multiple Choice: What is a tetrad?
A structure containing four chromatids formed during prophase I.
What is the outcome of meiosis II?
Meiosis II produces four haploid cells from the two haploid cells produced in meiosis I.
True or False: Oogenesis is the process of forming sperm cells.
False
What is the primary difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis?
Spermatogenesis produces four viable sperm cells, while oogenesis produces one viable egg and three polar bodies.
