memory

Question 1

input

Answer 1

is the process of processing information from the environment from our five senses

Question 2

process

Answer 2

refers to analysing the information we have receive and referees the relationship between input and output

Question 3

output

Answer 3

is the consequences of the analysis of the input

Question 4

what are the major process involved memory

Answer 4

encoding, storage, retrieval

Question 5

encoding

Answer 5

its the process of forming sensory input into a memory trace is called encoding

Question 6

storage

Answer 6

where registered experiences are stored

Question 7

retrieval

Answer 7

refers to the process of accessing stored memories so that they can be used

Question 8

ways which information cAN BE stored

Answer 8

visual ,acoustic , semantic

Question 9

duration

Answer 9

how long we can keep information in our memory

Question 10

capacity

Answer 10

refers to how much we can hold in or memory

Question 11

short term memory features

Answer 11

limited capacity, 5-9 items, duration of 15-20 seconds

Question 12

long term memory features

Answer 12

unlimited capacity, unlimited duration upto a lifetime

Question 13

chunking

Answer 13

reducing long string of information to shorter manageable chunks in order to remember it

Question 14

Availability

Answer 14

refers to the storage of memory

Question 15

accessibility

Answer 15

refers to its retrieval , how well we can get at that memory

Question 16

procedural memory

Answer 16

knowledge on how to do things

Question 17

semantic memory

Answer 17

knowledge of what things means

Question 18

declarative memory

Answer 18

is knowledge of things/factual information

Question 19

episodic memory

Answer 19

includes experiences in our life

Question 20

amnesia

Answer 20

is the loss of memory after an injury

Question 21

retrograde amnesia

Answer 21

when people are unable to remember pre existing memory prior to the injury

Question 22

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 22

when people are unable to store new information after an injury but are able to remember preexisting memory

Question 23

hippocampus

Answer 23

refers to an area of the brain that transfers memories form STM TO LTM

Question 24

Schema

Answer 24

is a package of knowledge that helps us organise and interpret information

Question 25

reconstructive memory

Answer 25

is the act of remembering something using number of other factors

Question 26

serial reproduction

Answer 26

its a method which duplicates the process bu which rumours are spread from generation to generation

Question 27

confabulation

Answer 27

is a memory error which a person confuses imagined or made-up scenarios with actual memories

Question 28

strength of reconstructive memory

Answer 28

The theory has helped the police understand that eye witness testimony is unreliable. This has meant that the police can change the way that they interview witnesses to ensure they are consistent.

Question 29

weakness

Answer 29

Bartlett was not particularly scientific in his procedures. He was interested in each participant’s unique memories, rather than the use of standardised procedures and controls. This may weaken the research that was used to form the theory.

Question 30

sensory register

Answer 30

immediate memory storage that takes information from our five senses

Question 31

visual memory

Answer 31

holds image we see for less than a second

Question 32

auditory memory

Answer 32

holds a sound for a little longer ,a few seconds

Question 33

Attention

Answer 33

Taking notice of an event or information.

Question 34

Rehearsal

Answer 34

repeating information to increase the duration of a memory

Question 35

Retrieval

Answer 35

Recalling a memory

Question 36

Decay

Answer 36

Forgetting information in the long term memory as it has broken down

Question 37

Displacement

Answer 37

Forgetting information in the short term memory due to incoming information

Question 38

a serial position curve

Answer 38

shows the tendency of a person to recall the first and last terms best and middle worst

Question 39

primacy effect

Answer 39

when participants recall the first words well

Question 40

recency effect

Answer 40

when a participants recall the last words well

Question 41

asymptote

Answer 41

it means when middle portion of list is remembered less well than this at the end or beginning

Question 42

strength of msm

Answer 42

Has Support: Case studies of patients with brain damage shows distinct separate STM and LTM stores

Question 43

weakness of msm

Answer 43

No Freewill: Not all information is rehearsed and transferred into LTM, it can decay and displace.

Question 44

Omissions

Answer 44

We leave out unfamiliar, unpleasant or irrelevant details

Question 45

Transformations

Answer 45

Details are changed to make them more rational (make sense)

Question 46

Familiarisation

Answer 46

We change unfamiliar details to align with our own schema

Question 47

Rationalisation

Answer 47

We add details to our recall to give a reason for something that may not have originally fitted with a schema

Question 48

Assimilation

Answer 48

the cognitive process of fitting new information into existing cognitive schemas, perceptions, and understanding