memory

Question 1

3 types of memory

Answer 1

long term
short term
sensory register

Question 2

coding

Answer 2

the way information is stored in different memory stores

Question 3

duration

Answer 3

how long a memory lasts before it is no longer available

Question 4

capacity

Answer 4

the amount of information we can store

Question 5

what is in the working memory model

Answer 5

central executive
phonological loop
episodic buffer
visuospacial sketchpad

Question 6

who was the working memory model devised by?

Answer 6

baddeley and hitch

Question 7

studies for coding

Answer 7

Baddeley - acoustically dissimilar and semantically dissimilar

Question 8

studies for duration

Answer 8

peterson and peterson - stm duration
bahrick - ltm duration

Question 9

capacity studies

Answer 9

miller
jacobs - digit span technique

Question 10

central executive

Answer 10

directs its attention to specific tasks to delegate them to the corresponding store
limited capacity

Question 11

phonological loop

Answer 11

deals with auditory information and preserves the order in which information arrives
limited capacity
2 parts - phonological store and articulatory process

Question 12

phonological store

Answer 12

holds the words that have been heard

Question 13

articulatory process

Answer 13

allows maintenance rehearsal

Question 14

visuo spatial sketch pad

Answer 14

hard when planning a task involving movement such as planning a journey or physically moving from one place to another
divided into : visual cache + inner scribe

Question 15

inner scribe

Answer 15

stores the arrangement of objects rather than just the distance between them

Question 16

visual cache

Answer 16

stores information about visual things

Question 17

episodic buffer

Answer 17

combines information received from CE and interprets the sequence of events in order to

Question 18

multi store model

Answer 18

describes memory as a passive process as information moves in passively from one store to another

Question 19

sensory register

Answer 19

where information is held at each of the 5 senses and corresponding areas in the brain

Question 20

3 types of LTM

Answer 20

Tulving:
episodic
semantic
procedural

Question 21

semantic memory

Answer 21

all about factual knowledge

Question 22

episodic memory

Answer 22

events relating to personal experiences

Question 23

procedural memory

Answer 23

learned skills acquired through repetition and practice. they are now done automatically

Question 24

explanations for forgetting

Answer 24

interference
retrieval failure

Question 25

interference

Answer 25

two pieces of information disrupt each other

Question 26

proactive interference

Answer 26

older memories interfere with new ones

Question 27

retroactive interference

Answer 27

newer memories interfere with old ones

Question 28

why does retrieval failure occur

Answer 28

absence of cues

Question 29

encoding specifity principle

Answer 29

tulving cues have to present at both encoding and retrieval

Question 30

context dependent forgetting

Answer 30

recall that depends on an external cue

Question 31

state dependent forgetting

Answer 31

recall that depends on internal cues

Question 32

studies for misleading information

Answer 32

lotus and palmer exp1&2 gabbert et al - ped

Question 33

studies for anxiety having a negative effect

Answer 33

johnson & scott - weapon focus study

Question 34

studies for anxiety having a positive effect

Answer 34

yuille + cutshall

Question 35

who created the cognitive interview

Answer 35

fisher and geiselmann

Question 36

stages of a cognitive interview

Answer 36

1. report everything 2. reinstate the context 3. reverse the order 4. change perspective