memory Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the definition of memory in psychology?
Memory is the process by which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved.
True or False: Memory is a single, unified process.
False: Memory consists of multiple processes including encoding, storage, and retrieval.
What are the three main stages of memory?
Encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Fill in the blank: __________ memory refers to the ability to remember information for a short period of time, typically seconds to minutes.
Short-term
What type of memory is responsible for our ability to remember facts and events?
Declarative memory.
Which type of memory is often described as ‘implicit’ and involves skills and tasks?
Procedural memory.
What is the duration of information typically held in short-term memory?
About 20 to 30 seconds.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of long-term memory? A) Episodic B) Semantic C) Sensory D) Procedural
C) Sensory
True or False: Sensory memory has a very short duration, lasting only a fraction of a second.
True
What is the process of converting sensory input into a form that can be stored in memory?
Encoding.
Fill in the blank: The __________ effect refers to the tendency to remember the first items in a list better than those in the middle.
Primacy
What is the term for the inability to retrieve information from memory?
Amnesia.
What type of amnesia involves the loss of memories prior to a traumatic event?
Retrograde amnesia.
Which memory model suggests that memory consists of sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory?
Atkinson-Shiffrin model.
True or False: Rehearsal is a technique that can enhance memory retention.
True
What is the term for the ability to remember information by associating it with something familiar?
Mnemonic devices.
Fill in the blank: __________ memory involves the recall of personal experiences and specific events.
Episodic
What is the phenomenon where individuals remember information better when they are in the same context as when they learned it?
Context-dependent memory.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of procedural memory? A) Remembering a birthday B) Riding a bike C) Recalling a historical date
B) Riding a bike
What is the capacity limit of short-term memory, often referred to as Miller’s Law?
7 plus or minus 2 items.
True or False: Long-term memory is considered to be unlimited in capacity.
True
What is the term for the gradual weakening of memory traces over time?
Memory decay.
Fill in the blank: The __________ effect occurs when the last items in a list are remembered better than those in the middle.
Recency
What is the term for the process of recalling information from memory?
Retrieval.
