Memory organization

Question 1

von Neuman architecture

Answer 1

A typical von Neumann system has three
major components: the central processing unit (CPU), memory, and input/output
(I/O)

Question 2

System bus

Answer 2

Most CPUs have 3 buses:

• data bus
• address bus
• control bus

Question 3

Data bus

Answer 3

CPUs use the data bus to shuffle data between the various components in a
computer system.

Question 4

Address bus

Answer 4

Answers the question “Which memory location or I/O device?”

Question 5

Control bus

Answer 5

The control bus is an eclectic collection of signals that control how the processor communicates with the rest of the system. system uses two lines on the control bus, read and write, to determine the data
flow direction (CPU to memory, or memory to CPU)

The control bus also contains a signal that helps distinguish between
address spaces on the 80x86 family of processors. The 80x86 family, unlike
many other processors, provides two distinct address spaces: one for memory
and one for I/O.

Question 6

Memory allocation

Answer 6

A typical CPU addresses a maximum of 2n different memory locations,
where n is the number of bits on the address bus (most computer systems
built around 80x86 family CPUs do not include the maximum addressable
amount of memory