Memory, social influence Flashcards
2 Features of Cognitive interviews
- Altering perspective
- Reversing the order
2 Comparison points procedural and episodic memory
- Episodic memories are those of life events whereas procedural memories are learnt motor skills
- Episodic memories: have to make a conscious decision to recall them, procedural memories recalled without conscious effort
Explanations for forgetting w/ application
- Retrieval failure due to absence of cues: context dependent forgetting is not having the necessary cues to access a memory, there isn’t a suitable cue from the environment
- Aaron isn’t in the same context as where he learnt the material for his Spanish exam he’s in an ‘unfamiliar room’
Evaluation for context dependent forgetting
- 1000s of lab experiments on this, good validity but lacks day to day realism
- Many psychologists see context dependent forgetting as main reasons for forgetting in LTM due to the amount of research evidence supporting the importance of cues and how they trigger memory
Describe Sensory register, MSM
- Memory store for 5 senses
- SRs capacity = millions w/ very short duration of ~1/2 a second
- Very little of what enters SR passes further in MSM
Evaluation of SR, MSM
- SR may have several sub stores within the stores
- Experiments to calculate capacity = estimates, v artificial, lacking mundane realism
- Shortness of SR duration could be evolutionary as we only need to focus on factors that have an immiediate survival value
Describe Short term memory, MSM
- Coding mainly acoustic
- Capacity ~5-9 items
- Duration ~18-30s unless rehearsed which will keep it there indefinitely
- Maintained rehearsal = repetition, which if done enough is passed through to LTM
Evaluation Short Term Memory, Multi-Store Model
- Coding mostly acoustic, but also others
- Capacity affected by age / practice
- Reitman suggested brief STM duration = coz new info displaces existing info due to limited capacity
Describe Long term memory, MSM
- coding mainly semantic
- unlimited capacity
- unlimited duration
- according to MSM memories in LTM are retrieved by passing back through STM
Evaluation Long Term Memory, Multi-Store Model
- STM / LTM = qualitatively different e.g. Baddeley found w/ STM we mix up similar sounding words, LTM we mix up similarly meaning words
- Different types of LTM located in different brain areas -> research = encoding LTM in different ways
Feature of ISI
-More likely to be permanent than temporary change in attitude
Statistical test that should be used in scenario
- Chi squared test
- Data sed is a comparison of two studies
- Data is catagorised between smokers and non-smokers so is nominal
- Young people between studies are independent groups so data is unrelated
AO1 legitimacy of authority
-idea of recognising social hierarchies and how people rank in them, it can be made clearer by things that symbolise authority like uniforms, also created by setting and legitimacy of the system
AO2 legitimacy of authority
- Freddie doesn’t pay attention to his friend because of his equal social status -> so he doesn’t perceive him as a legitimate authority.
- They are within the school setting so deputy has legitimacy of authority
- Deputy head is wearing a high-vis jacket a symbol of authority
AO1 agentic state
- is when someone acts on behalf of an authority figure, in agentic state they don’t feel responsible for their actions
- opposite to autonomous state, when someone able to act freely according to their principles
