Mental Disorders and Physical Health

Question 1

Organic causes of mental illness?

Answer 1

Endocrinological
Neurological

Question 2

Addison’s effects psychiatric?

Answer 2

Depression, poor concentration, irritability

Question 3

Hypercalcaemia effects psychiatric?

Answer 3

Depression, anxiety

Question 4

Hyperthyroidism effects psychiatric?

Answer 4

Anxiety, mania

Question 5

Hypothyroidism effects psychiatric?

Answer 5

Depression, cognitive impairment

Question 6

Cushing’s and cancer effects psychiatric?

Answer 6

Depression

Question 7

Infections (syphilis, HIV) effects psychiatric?

Answer 7

Psychosis, dementia

Question 8

SLE effects psychiatric?

Answer 8

Depression

Question 9

Parkinson’s effects psychiatric?

Answer 9

Depression, anxiety, dementia, psychosis

Question 10

Phaeochromocytoma psychiatric effects?

Answer 10

Anxiety

Question 11

Dementia effects psychiatric?

Answer 11

Psychosis, aggression/violence, depression, anxiety

Question 12

Huntington’s disease effects psychiatric?

Answer 12

Psychosis, aggression/violence, cognitive impairment, depression, anxiety

Question 13

Post-stroke psychosis?

Answer 13

Neuropsychiatric symptoms following stroke occurring in at least 30% and are a major predictor of poor outcome

auditory hallucinations followed by visual are most common perceptual abnormalities

Question 14

Post-stroke psychosis location?

Answer 14

Most commonly seen in right sided middle cerebral artery lesions affecting frontal and temporal regions

Question 15

Othello’s syndrome?

Answer 15

Most delusions are of a persecutory or jealous type in post-stroke psychosis

Question 16

Delusions definition?

Answer 16

Fixed, false belief not understandable within the person’s sociocultural setting

acute confusional state and a neuropsychiatric manifestation of physical illness/injury/interventions
“Acute brain failure”

Question 17

Effect of antipsychotics on dementia?

Answer 17

Increased risk of stroke

Question 18

Dopamine agonists adverse effects?

Answer 18

Psychosis

Question 19

L-dopa adverse effects?

Answer 19

Psychosis, delirium, anxiety, depression

Question 20

Steroids (prednisone) adverse effects?

Answer 20

Depression, mania, psychosis, anxiety

Question 21

Isoniazid (TB Abx) adverse effects?

Answer 21

Mania, psychosis

Question 22

Anticholinergics adverse effects?

Answer 22

Delirium, anxiety, psychosis

Question 23

Isotretinoin (Roaccutane) adverse effects?

Answer 23

Depression

Question 24

Digoxin adverse effects?

Answer 24

Depression, psychosis

Question 25

Interferon alpha adverse effects?

Answer 25

Depression, mania, psychosis

Question 26

Mortality gap?

Answer 26

People with chronic mental illness are at a greater risk of all causes of mortality

Question 27

Hyperactive delirium?

Answer 27

Agitation, hallucinations, inappropriate behaviour

Question 28

Hypoactive delirium?

Answer 28

Lethargy, reduced concentration, reduced alertness, reduced oral intake *mixed is a combination or hyper and hypoactive*

Question 29

Delirium management?

Answer 29

-Treat underlying -Reorientation strategies (familiar environment, clocks, name and location) -normalise sleep-wake cycle -maintain safe mobility to avoid falls

Question 30

In extremis delirium management?

Answer 30

Short term pharmacological interventions *low dose Haloperidol [0.5mg] for <7 days*

Question 31

Addenbrookes cognitive examination?

Answer 31

Useful for detection of cognitive impairment, especially in Alzheimer’s and fronto-temporal dementia

Question 32

Disturbance of attention, orientation and awareness?

Answer 32

Delirium

Question 33

Factors that affect diagnosis of physical disorders in people with mental illness?

Answer 33

STIGMA -Illness behaviour (poor insight, mistrust, chaotic lifestyle) -Diagnostic overshadowing (misattribution of physical symptoms to psychiatric symptoms) -Lack of resources/access (low socioeconomic status is a risk factor)