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NUR 210 > Mental Health Framework > Flashcards

Mental Health Framework Flashcards

1
Q

where does the action of psych drugs occur

A

neural synapse

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2
Q

what causes cognitive or motional symptoms

A

excessive or deficient activity of neuotransmitters

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3
Q

what is the synapse

A

primary site for psychotropic drugs

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4
Q

what is neuroendocrinaology

A

study of the interaction btwn the nervous system and the endocrine system and the effects of various hormone on cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning

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5
Q

what cuases circadian rhythms to be disrupted

A

hormone imbalance

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6
Q

what is a resault of altered secretion of ADH from pain or emotional stress

A

water intoxication in severe mental illness resulting from electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia) can result in death

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7
Q

what are the s/s of h20 intoxication

A

polydipsia

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8
Q

what is psychoneuroimmunology

A

study of the relationship btwn the immune system,nervous system and the psychological process

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9
Q

what are cytokines active in

A

inflammatory response-infections
mood disorders- depression and bipolar
research looking at prolonged activation of cytokines

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10
Q

what do antidepressant block

A

reuptake od serotonin and norepinephrine

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11
Q

how do antipsychotics work

A

blocking specific neurotransmitter receptors

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12
Q

what do benzodiazepines do

A

facilitate transmission of GABA

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13
Q

what do psychostimulants do

A

increase release of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine

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14
Q

bottom of maslows

A

physiological needs

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15
Q

2nd in maslows

A

safety needs

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16
Q

3rd in maslows

A

love and belonging

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17
Q

4th in maslows

A

esteem

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18
Q

top of maslows

A

self-actualization

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19
Q

what is fight or flight syndrome

A

individuals experience both physical and psychological responses to stress
general adaptation syndrome

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20
Q

what is cure

A

ritualistic exorcism consists of beatings, starvation, harsh treatment to purge the body of supernatural forces

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21
Q

nsg assessment of spirituality

A

what gives you hope
what gives you meaning in life
what gives you purpose in life

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22
Q

what was freuds perspective

A

psychoanalytical
start @ childhood

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23
Q

what is skinners psychological perspective

A

behaviorist

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24
Q

what is eriksons psychological perspective

A

developmental

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25
Q

what is becks psychological perspective

A

cognitive

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26
Q

what is sullivans psychological perspective

A

interpersonal

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27
Q

what is stage 1 of eriksons

A

trust vs mistrust (1st yr of life) …. hope

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28
Q

what is stage 2 of eriksons

A

autonomy vs shame (toddler)….. will

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29
Q

what is stage 3 of eriksons

A

initiative vs guilt (toddler)……purpose

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30
Q

what is stage 4 of eriksons

A

industry vs inferiority (school/job) (“i cant do this”)…. competency

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31
Q

what is stage 5 of eriksons

A

ego identitiy vs role confusion (adolescents)….. fidelity

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32
Q

what is stage 6 of eriksons

A

intimacy vs isolation….. love

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33
Q

what is stage 7 of eriksons

A

generativity vs stagnation…. care

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34
Q

what is stage 8 of eriksons

A

ego integrity vs despair (looking back)…. wisdom

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35
Q

what is freud’s psychoanalytical theory

A

conscious level…..subconscious level…..unconscious level

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36
Q

what is conscious level

A

thoughts and perceptions that can transform experiences into unconscious states

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37
Q

what is subconscious level

A

memories, stored knowlowledge that is readily available

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38
Q

what is unconscious level

A

fears, violent motives, unaaceptable sexual desires, irrational wishes, immoral urges, shameful experiences, selfish needs, traumatic memories, painful emotions

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39
Q

what is freuds ego defense mechanisms

A

compensation
denial
displacement
identification
intellectualization
introjection
isolation
projection
rationalization
reaction formulation
regression
repression
sublimation
suppression
undoing

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40
Q

what is compensation

A

covering up a real or perceived weakness by emphasizing a trait one considers more desireable

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41
Q

what is denial

A

1st stage of grief
refusing to acknowledge the existence of a real life situation or the feelings associated w/ it

42
Q

what is displacement

A

the transfer of feelings from one target to another that is considered less threatening or that is neutral

43
Q

what is identification

A

an attempt to increase self-worth by acquirnig certain attributes and characteristics of an individual one admires

44
Q

what is intellectualization

A

an attempt to avoid expressing actual emotions associated w/ a stressful situation by using intellectual process of logic, reasoning, and analysis

45
Q

what is introjection

A

integrating the beliefs and values or another individual into ones own ego structure

45
Q

what is isolation

A

separating a thiught or memory from the feeling tone or emotion associated with it

46
Q

what is projection

A

attributing feelings or impulses unacceptable to ones self to another pereson

47
Q

what is rationalization

A

attempting to make excuses or formulate logical reasons to justify unacceptable feelings or behavior

48
Q

what is reaction formation

A

preventing unacceptable or undesireable thoughts or behaviors from being expressed by exaggerating opposite thoughts or types of behaviors

49
Q

what is regression

A

responding to stress by retreating to an earlier level of development and the comfort measures associated w/ the level or functioning

50
Q

what is repression

A

involuntarily blocking unpleasant feelings and experiences from one’s awareness

51
Q

what is sublimation

A

rechanneling of drives or impulses that are personally or socially unacceptable into activities that are constructive

52
Q

what is suppression

A

the voluntary blocking of unpleasant feelings and experiences from one’s awareness

53
Q

what is undoing

A

symbolically negating or canceling out an experience that one finds intolerable

54
Q

what is the DSM-5

A

diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
emphasizes role of neurobiology and genetics over theories of personality
all diagnoses require that symptoms cause dysfunction

55
Q

severe and persistent mental illness…

A

is characterozed by functional impairment that interferes with vocational capacity
creates serious interpersonal difficulties
may be associated w/ a suicide plan or attempt

56
Q

what is milieu therapy

A

french for middle
eng- enviornment
used in inpatient and outpatient
goal to produce behavioral change
adaptive coping skills learned
relationship skills strengthened

57
Q

what 5 things are important in the milieu

A

containment- safety and security
structure- needs structure to promote goals of treatment (activities, schedule)
involvement- develops sense of scoail community
support- must be supportive rather than rigid or punitive
validation- must support and affirm needs of the individual inside and outside of the group

58
Q

what percent of the homeless population suffer from mental illness

A

30

59
Q

what is autonomy

A

patient has the right to make their own health decisions

60
Q

what is beneficence

A

do good

61
Q

what is nonmaleficence

A

do no harm

62
Q

what is justice

A

treat patients equally and fairly

63
Q

what is veracity

A

always be truthful

64
Q

what are the 3 rights patients have

A

right to treatment
right to refuse treatment
right to the leat restrictive/least invasive treatment alt.

65
Q

what are the 2 exceptions to HIPPA

A

duty to warn
suspected child or elder abuse

66
Q

what is a 201

A

voluntary admission
2/3 of admissions
72-hours notice/letter of intent to withdraw from the program
age 14 and over

67
Q

what is a 302

A

involuntary commitments
emergency commitments

68
Q

what is the criteria for 302

A

danger to self
danger to others
unable to care for basic personal needs

69
Q

what is a crisis

A

sudden event in one’s life during which usual coping mechanisms cannot resolve the problem
crisis disturbs homeostasis
exposure to stressor….. increased anxiety…..try new solution…..breaking point

70
Q

what are some things to know about crises

A

occur in all individuals
precipitated by specific identifiable events
personal in nature
acute and are resolved within a brief period
contains potential for psychological growth or deterioration

71
Q

what is a dispositional crisis

A

acute response to an external situational stressor or trigger
ex domestic violence d/t losing job

72
Q

what is a crisis of anticipated life transitions

A

normal life cycle transitions that may be anticipated but over which the individual may feel a lack of control
ex. new college student cant handle stress of moving away

73
Q

what is a crisis resulting from tramatic stress

A

crisis precipitated by an unexpected external stressor over which the individual has little to no control and as a result of which he/she feels emotionally overwhelmed and defeated
ex seeking MH care after experiencing a natural disaster

74
Q

what is crisis reflecting psychopathy

A

crisis influcenced or triggered by preexisting psychopathology (personality disorders, anxiety, bipolar, and schizophrenia)
ex pt w/ schizo unable to fill meds and becomes increasingly paranoid and delusional to the point that she is found hiding in the brush alongside a road for fear that the gov. will find her and expose the truth about her identity

75
Q

what is maturational crisis

A

associated w/ various stages of growth and development
eriksons 8 stages

76
Q

what are the stages of life that have an increased risk of crissi

A

adolesence
marriage
parenthood
midlife
retirement

77
Q

what is a situational crisis

A

acute responses to external stressors
real or only in the perception of the individual
countless numbers of situational crises
crises put individual at risk for mental illness

78
Q

what are examples of situational crises

A

poverty- inadquate, crowded living, nutritional deficits, medical neglect, unemployment, homeless
high rateof life change events- death of loved one, divorce, job loss, change in living conditions, etc
environmental conditions- tornados, floods, hurricanes, etc.
trauma- rape, war, physical attack, torture etc

79
Q

what are psychiatric emergencies

A

crisis situations where general functioning has been severely impaired and the individual rendered incompetent or unable to assume personal responsibility for his/her behavior
ex. acutely suicidal individuals, drug overdoses, reactions to hallucinogenic drugs, etc

80
Q

characteristics of anger

A

frowning
glaring
clenched fists/jaw
low-pitched voice
yelling and shouting
turning back on/abrupt walking away

81
Q

characteristics of aggression

A

pacing/restlessness
verbal/physical threats (slamming or banging on doors, objects, fists, shadowboxing, loud voice, argumentative, forceful accusations, profanity)
tense facial expression and hostile body lang- expanded area of personal space

82
Q

3 factors to identify extent of crisis

A

past hx of violence
pt diagnosis
current behaviors

83
Q

what is the primary therapeutic goal of crisis intervention

A

psychological resolution of the individuals immediate crisis and restoration to at least the level of functioning that existed b4 the crisis period

84
Q

what is trauma informed care

A

a philosophical approach that values awareness and understanding of trauma when assessing, planning and implementing care

85
Q

what causes retramatization

A

seclusion and restraints

86
Q

what are the core concepts of TIC

A

empowerment
trauma
respect
collaboration
hope
connection
recovery

87
Q

what is transference

A

this person reminds me of….

88
Q

what is self-awareness of trauma hx in healthcare providers

A

may impact effectiveness in providing care to pts
may trigger emotions
may impact interventions and identifications of outcomes

89
Q

what are resources for healthcare providers

A

EAP-employee assistant programs, counseling, coporate health coaching
debrief difficult pts w/ coworkers
private MH counseling
physical activity resources through employer

90
Q

what are aces

A

adverse childhood experiences

91
Q

what is therapeutic use of self

A

ability to use one’s personality consciously and in full awareness in an attempt to establish relatedness and to structure nsg interventions
nurse uses aspects of his or her personality, experience, expertise, values, feelings, intelligence, needs, coping skills, and perceptions to establish relationships w/ pts that are beneficial to pts

92
Q

conditions essential to developing a therapeutic nurse-pt relationship

A

autonomy
rapport
trust
respect
genuineness
empathy

93
Q

biophyschosocial assessment priorities

A

current mental and pmh
current health physical status/meds and med hx
current and past relationship/family dynamics
current and past substance use (alc/drugs)

94
Q

nonpharmacological treatment

A

therapy
complementary treatment and practices
support groups

95
Q

what is psychoanalysis

A

freud- to resolve internal conflicts which he believed came from early childhood experiences
classical psychoanalysis is a therapeutic process of assessing unconscious thoughts and feelings and resolving conflict by talking to a psychoanalyst
attend many sessions over months to years

96
Q

what is psychotherapy

A

involves verbal therapist to pt interaction than classic psychoanalysis
pt and therapist develop a trusting relationship to explore the pt’s current problems

97
Q

what is CBT

A

focuses on individual thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to solve current problems
pts learn how to use evidence to challenge their distorted thoughts ab themselves, others, and the future

98
Q

what is behavior therapy

A

based of skinners theory of operant conditioning that behavior is learned and has consequences
uses tools like reinforcement and punishment to change behaviors

99
Q

what is motivational interviewing

A

pt centered style of communication that helps people resolve ambivalent feelings and insecurities to find the internal motivation they need to change their behavior
often used to addressbehavioral management of illness such as addiction, diabetes, heart disease and asthma

100
Q

what is ECT

A

when meds not effective
procedure done under general anesthesia where small electric currents are passed through the brain, intentionally triggering a brief seizure
causes changes in brain chem that can quickly reverse symptoms of certain MH conditions

NUR 210 (10 decks)

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