Mental Health Framework Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
where does the action of psych drugs occur
A
neural synapse
2
Q
what causes cognitive or motional symptoms
A
excessive or deficient activity of neuotransmitters
3
Q
what is the synapse
A
primary site for psychotropic drugs
4
Q
what is neuroendocrinaology
A
study of the interaction btwn the nervous system and the endocrine system and the effects of various hormone on cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning
5
Q
what cuases circadian rhythms to be disrupted
A
hormone imbalance
6
Q
what is a resault of altered secretion of ADH from pain or emotional stress
A
water intoxication in severe mental illness resulting from electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia) can result in death
7
Q
what are the s/s of h20 intoxication
A
polydipsia
8
Q
what is psychoneuroimmunology
A
study of the relationship btwn the immune system,nervous system and the psychological process
9
Q
what are cytokines active in
A
inflammatory response-infections
mood disorders- depression and bipolar
research looking at prolonged activation of cytokines
10
Q
what do antidepressant block
A
reuptake od serotonin and norepinephrine
11
Q
how do antipsychotics work
A
blocking specific neurotransmitter receptors
12
Q
what do benzodiazepines do
A
facilitate transmission of GABA
13
Q
what do psychostimulants do
A
increase release of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine
14
Q
bottom of maslows
A
physiological needs
15
Q
2nd in maslows
A
safety needs
16
Q
3rd in maslows
A
love and belonging
17
Q
4th in maslows
A
esteem
18
Q
top of maslows
A
self-actualization
19
Q
what is fight or flight syndrome
A
individuals experience both physical and psychological responses to stress
general adaptation syndrome
20
Q
what is cure
A
ritualistic exorcism consists of beatings, starvation, harsh treatment to purge the body of supernatural forces
21
Q
nsg assessment of spirituality
A
what gives you hope
what gives you meaning in life
what gives you purpose in life
22
Q
what was freuds perspective
A
psychoanalytical
start @ childhood
23
Q
what is skinners psychological perspective
A
behaviorist
24
Q
what is eriksons psychological perspective
A
developmental
25
what is becks psychological perspective
cognitive
26
what is sullivans psychological perspective
interpersonal
27
what is stage 1 of eriksons
trust vs mistrust (1st yr of life) .... hope
28
what is stage 2 of eriksons
autonomy vs shame (toddler)..... will
29
what is stage 3 of eriksons
initiative vs guilt (toddler)......purpose
30
what is stage 4 of eriksons
industry vs inferiority (school/job) ("i cant do this").... competency
31
what is stage 5 of eriksons
ego identitiy vs role confusion (adolescents)..... fidelity
32
what is stage 6 of eriksons
intimacy vs isolation..... love
33
what is stage 7 of eriksons
generativity vs stagnation.... care
34
what is stage 8 of eriksons
ego integrity vs despair (looking back).... wisdom
35
what is freud's psychoanalytical theory
conscious level.....subconscious level.....unconscious level
36
what is conscious level
thoughts and perceptions that can transform experiences into unconscious states
37
what is subconscious level
memories, stored knowlowledge that is readily available
38
what is unconscious level
fears, violent motives, unaaceptable sexual desires, irrational wishes, immoral urges, shameful experiences, selfish needs, traumatic memories, painful emotions
39
what is freuds ego defense mechanisms
compensation
denial
displacement
identification
intellectualization
introjection
isolation
projection
rationalization
reaction formulation
regression
repression
sublimation
suppression
undoing
40
what is compensation
covering up a real or perceived weakness by emphasizing a trait one considers more desireable
41
what is denial
1st stage of grief
refusing to acknowledge the existence of a real life situation or the feelings associated w/ it
42
what is displacement
the transfer of feelings from one target to another that is considered less threatening or that is neutral
43
what is identification
an attempt to increase self-worth by acquirnig certain attributes and characteristics of an individual one admires
44
what is intellectualization
an attempt to avoid expressing actual emotions associated w/ a stressful situation by using intellectual process of logic, reasoning, and analysis
45
what is introjection
integrating the beliefs and values or another individual into ones own ego structure
45
what is isolation
separating a thiught or memory from the feeling tone or emotion associated with it
46
what is projection
attributing feelings or impulses unacceptable to ones self to another pereson
47
what is rationalization
attempting to make excuses or formulate logical reasons to justify unacceptable feelings or behavior
48
what is reaction formation
preventing unacceptable or undesireable thoughts or behaviors from being expressed by exaggerating opposite thoughts or types of behaviors
49
what is regression
responding to stress by retreating to an earlier level of development and the comfort measures associated w/ the level or functioning
50
what is repression
involuntarily blocking unpleasant feelings and experiences from one's awareness
51
what is sublimation
rechanneling of drives or impulses that are personally or socially unacceptable into activities that are constructive
52
what is suppression
the voluntary blocking of unpleasant feelings and experiences from one's awareness
53
what is undoing
symbolically negating or canceling out an experience that one finds intolerable
54
what is the DSM-5
diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
emphasizes role of neurobiology and genetics over theories of personality
all diagnoses require that symptoms cause dysfunction
55
severe and persistent mental illness...
is characterozed by functional impairment that interferes with vocational capacity
creates serious interpersonal difficulties
may be associated w/ a suicide plan or attempt
56
what is milieu therapy
french for middle
eng- enviornment
used in inpatient and outpatient
goal to produce behavioral change
adaptive coping skills learned
relationship skills strengthened
57
what 5 things are important in the milieu
containment- safety and security
structure- needs structure to promote goals of treatment (activities, schedule)
involvement- develops sense of scoail community
support- must be supportive rather than rigid or punitive
validation- must support and affirm needs of the individual inside and outside of the group
58
what percent of the homeless population suffer from mental illness
30
59
what is autonomy
patient has the right to make their own health decisions
60
what is beneficence
do good
61
what is nonmaleficence
do no harm
62
what is justice
treat patients equally and fairly
63
what is veracity
always be truthful
64
what are the 3 rights patients have
right to treatment
right to refuse treatment
right to the leat restrictive/least invasive treatment alt.
65
what are the 2 exceptions to HIPPA
duty to warn
suspected child or elder abuse
66
what is a 201
voluntary admission
2/3 of admissions
72-hours notice/letter of intent to withdraw from the program
age 14 and over
67
what is a 302
involuntary commitments
emergency commitments
68
what is the criteria for 302
danger to self
danger to others
unable to care for basic personal needs
69
what is a crisis
sudden event in one's life during which usual coping mechanisms cannot resolve the problem
crisis disturbs homeostasis
exposure to stressor..... increased anxiety.....try new solution.....breaking point
70
what are some things to know about crises
occur in all individuals
precipitated by specific identifiable events
personal in nature
acute and are resolved within a brief period
contains potential for psychological growth or deterioration
71
what is a dispositional crisis
acute response to an external situational stressor or trigger
ex domestic violence d/t losing job
72
what is a crisis of anticipated life transitions
normal life cycle transitions that may be anticipated but over which the individual may feel a lack of control
ex. new college student cant handle stress of moving away
73
what is a crisis resulting from tramatic stress
crisis precipitated by an unexpected external stressor over which the individual has little to no control and as a result of which he/she feels emotionally overwhelmed and defeated
ex seeking MH care after experiencing a natural disaster
74
what is crisis reflecting psychopathy
crisis influcenced or triggered by preexisting psychopathology (personality disorders, anxiety, bipolar, and schizophrenia)
ex pt w/ schizo unable to fill meds and becomes increasingly paranoid and delusional to the point that she is found hiding in the brush alongside a road for fear that the gov. will find her and expose the truth about her identity
75
what is maturational crisis
associated w/ various stages of growth and development
eriksons 8 stages
76
what are the stages of life that have an increased risk of crissi
adolesence
marriage
parenthood
midlife
retirement
77
what is a situational crisis
acute responses to external stressors
real or only in the perception of the individual
countless numbers of situational crises
crises put individual at risk for mental illness
78
what are examples of situational crises
poverty- inadquate, crowded living, nutritional deficits, medical neglect, unemployment, homeless
high rateof life change events- death of loved one, divorce, job loss, change in living conditions, etc
environmental conditions- tornados, floods, hurricanes, etc.
trauma- rape, war, physical attack, torture etc
79
what are psychiatric emergencies
crisis situations where general functioning has been severely impaired and the individual rendered incompetent or unable to assume personal responsibility for his/her behavior
ex. acutely suicidal individuals, drug overdoses, reactions to hallucinogenic drugs, etc
80
characteristics of anger
frowning
glaring
clenched fists/jaw
low-pitched voice
yelling and shouting
turning back on/abrupt walking away
81
characteristics of aggression
pacing/restlessness
verbal/physical threats (slamming or banging on doors, objects, fists, shadowboxing, loud voice, argumentative, forceful accusations, profanity)
tense facial expression and hostile body lang- expanded area of personal space
82
3 factors to identify extent of crisis
past hx of violence
pt diagnosis
current behaviors
83
what is the primary therapeutic goal of crisis intervention
psychological resolution of the individuals immediate crisis and restoration to at least the level of functioning that existed b4 the crisis period
84
what is trauma informed care
a philosophical approach that values awareness and understanding of trauma when assessing, planning and implementing care
85
what causes retramatization
seclusion and restraints
86
what are the core concepts of TIC
empowerment
trauma
respect
collaboration
hope
connection
recovery
87
what is transference
this person reminds me of....
88
what is self-awareness of trauma hx in healthcare providers
may impact effectiveness in providing care to pts
may trigger emotions
may impact interventions and identifications of outcomes
89
what are resources for healthcare providers
EAP-employee assistant programs, counseling, coporate health coaching
debrief difficult pts w/ coworkers
private MH counseling
physical activity resources through employer
90
what are aces
adverse childhood experiences
91
what is therapeutic use of self
ability to use one's personality consciously and in full awareness in an attempt to establish relatedness and to structure nsg interventions
nurse uses aspects of his or her personality, experience, expertise, values, feelings, intelligence, needs, coping skills, and perceptions to establish relationships w/ pts that are beneficial to pts
92
conditions essential to developing a therapeutic nurse-pt relationship
autonomy
rapport
trust
respect
genuineness
empathy
93
biophyschosocial assessment priorities
current mental and pmh
current health physical status/meds and med hx
current and past relationship/family dynamics
current and past substance use (alc/drugs)
94
nonpharmacological treatment
therapy
complementary treatment and practices
support groups
95
what is psychoanalysis
freud- to resolve internal conflicts which he believed came from early childhood experiences
classical psychoanalysis is a therapeutic process of assessing unconscious thoughts and feelings and resolving conflict by talking to a psychoanalyst
attend many sessions over months to years
96
what is psychotherapy
involves verbal therapist to pt interaction than classic psychoanalysis
pt and therapist develop a trusting relationship to explore the pt's current problems
97
what is CBT
focuses on individual thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to solve current problems
pts learn how to use evidence to challenge their distorted thoughts ab themselves, others, and the future
98
what is behavior therapy
based of skinners theory of operant conditioning that behavior is learned and has consequences
uses tools like reinforcement and punishment to change behaviors
99
what is motivational interviewing
pt centered style of communication that helps people resolve ambivalent feelings and insecurities to find the internal motivation they need to change their behavior
often used to addressbehavioral management of illness such as addiction, diabetes, heart disease and asthma
100
what is ECT
when meds not effective
procedure done under general anesthesia where small electric currents are passed through the brain, intentionally triggering a brief seizure
causes changes in brain chem that can quickly reverse symptoms of certain MH conditions
