Metabolic Disease In Dairy Flashcards
(24 cards)
Hypocalcemia
Milk fever (Small animal; parturient paresis)
Who is at a higher risk for milk fever?
Older cows with more than one calf, 6th or greater lactation, Jersey, at the end of grazing season
Signs of milk fever.
Incoordination, loss of appetite, lethargy, muscle tremors, teeth grinding, down cow
Clinical signs of milk fever.
S CURVE of spine, low body temperature, cold extremities (ears), wobbly, decreased defecation
Complications of milk fever
Gassy bloat, prolapse of uterus, muscle damage
What is the sub clinical manifestation (waterfall effect) of milk fever?
Retained placenta, metritis, DA, ketsosis
Treatment steps for milk fever.
Calcium gluconate IV 23%, caldex #2, oral calcium drench, Cal-Mag gel
Do not confuse milk fever with..
Toxic mastitis
Occurs when high producing cows can’t eat enough (or feed doesn’t have enough) carbs to satisfy glucose needs. - usually high producing cows
Primary ketosis
Occurs when a primary disease causes and upset of digestion and absorption of carbs.
Secondary ketosis
Initial then Constant decline in appetite. Will not eat grain and eats random object. Eventfully the body will correct itself due to dropping milk production.
Wasting ketosis
Where can you detect ketones?
Breath smell, urine, milk, cow manure becomes hard and dry
Least common form of ketosis - causing range of blindness, wandering, licking metal
Nervous ketosis
How do you treat ketosis?
IV dextrose, cal dex #2, B vitamins (increase appetite), oral propylene glycol (high calories), corticosteroids
Most common DA .
Left DA
80% of LDA occur when?
Within the first month of lactation
Signs of a DA
Off feed (hay but no grain), ketosis, “ping” (over l/r paralumbar fossa)
More likely to be a torsion abomasum.
Right DA
Signs of a RDA.
Abdominal pain, no eating or drinking, right side distention, ping on the right side, can be palpated
Treatment of DA.
Cull, wait and see, surgery, roll and tack, RDA - emergency surgery
Predisposed from feeding errors that encourages cows to become excessively conditioned during late lactation or dry period.
Fat cow syndrome
Morbidity of 50-90% and mortality of 25%
Fat cow syndrome
Signs of fat cow syndrome.
Fat cows in a dry herd, skinny cows in a fresh herd, increased incidences of metabolic diseases
When does metabolic transition start and end?
Three weeks before calving, and 30 days after calving
