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Chem gcse > metal stuff > Flashcards

metal stuff Flashcards

1
Q

list the reactivity series in song

A

Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnisium
Aliminium
(copper)
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
(hydrogen)
Copper
Silver
Gold
Platinium

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2
Q

Metals that really react with water

A

Poassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium

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3
Q

What is the strongest reaction w water

A

Fizzing
give off hydrogen so theres a pop
leaves an alkaline solution of metal hydroxide

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4
Q

slow reaction with water

A

mag
aliminum
zinc
iron

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5
Q

slight reaction with steam to water

A

tin
lead

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6
Q

NO reaction to water

A

copper
silver
gold

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7
Q

Explodes w dilute acid

A

potassium
sodium
lithium

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8
Q

fizzes with dilute acid

A

cacium
magnesium
aliminium
zinc
iron

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9
Q

what else do things that fizz w dilute acid do

A

give off hydrogen gas and form a salt

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10
Q

slow reaction w warm acid to dilute acid

A

tin
lead

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11
Q

no reaction to dilute acids

A

copper
silver
gold

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12
Q

What happens when metals react

A

They lose an electron and become a positive ion

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13
Q

What is displacement

A

When a metal higher up the reactiviyt series displaces one lower

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14
Q

What is a redox reaction

A

Something that includes the loss and gain of electrons

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15
Q

What is oxidisation

A

Loss of electrons

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16
Q

What is reduction

A

Gain of electrons

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17
Q

What is a metal ore

A

something that constains enough metal to be extracted with an economical profit

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18
Q

What does carbon do with metals

A

Its often used to displace metals that are less reactive to extract them.

19
Q

How are metals more reactive than carbon extracted

A

They are extracted by electrolysis of the metal compound

20
Q

How are non reactive metals extracted

A

Metals such as gold come in their natural state from the ground

21
Q

What is coppers issue

A

It is finite and running out

22
Q

How is coppers issue being solved

A

Finding new methods of extracting copper from lower grade ores

23
Q

Explain phytomining

A

Absbable plants are grown on soil that contains the low grade copper ore, as they grow they store concentrated copper compounds. Theyre then burnt and their ashes will contain the copper compound, which is then dissolved into an acid to form leachate- and then electrolysis or scrap iron will produce pure copper.

24
Q

Explain Bioleaching

A

This is feeding bacteria the low grade metal ores and they produece a solution called leachate which contains copper ions, you can then either electrolysis or scrap iron it to be pure

25
Q

How is the copper extracted from the compounds?

A

Its either displaced using scrap irons whcih are cheaper or using electrolysis.

26
Q

Two main methods of wxtracting copper from copper rich ores

A

sulphuric acid makes copper sulphate solution and is then extracted copper metal

smelting which means heating it to make impure copper

27
Q

what do alkalines prpoduce

A

OH- when added to water

28
Q

what to acids do

A

create a hydrogne ion when reacted with aqueous solutions

29
Q

what are bases

A

substances that neutralise acids

30
Q

ways to test ph

A

univeral indicator- goes dif rainbow coll=ours at the level of acidity
ph probe- electronic scale
litmus paper- red for acid

31
Q

name some strong acids

A

hydrochloric acid
nitric acid
sulfuric acid

32
Q

name weak acids

A

ethanoic acid
citric acid
carbonic acid

33
Q

why are strong acids stronger

A

they ionise completely and all the molecules release h+ ions

34
Q

why are weak acids weak

A

the molecules will recombine to the orignial form or some will and not all molecules will release an H ion

35
Q

as ph decreases by one unit..

A

hydrogen concentration increases by ten times

36
Q

salt equation

A

metal + acid = salt + hydrogen

37
Q

when is salt formed

A

when the hydrogen has been displaced by the emtal ion

38
Q

what kinda reaction is metal and acid

A

redox becuase the hydrogen gains electrons and the salt loses them

39
Q

explain insiluable bases practical

A

heat the sulphuric acid ina beaker but not until it boils and then add slowly the metal with a spactula and stir continuedly until there is excess metal and the mixture is blue but with excess so the metal has fully reacted as much as it can. filter out the mixture so the excess metal is gone and youre left with the blue mixture and then heat it gently over water in an evapourating dish until crystals start to form. then leave it somewhere farm for about a day and dry it in filter paper.

40
Q

salt + water equation

A

hydroxide/ alk + acid = salt + water

41
Q

salt + water + co2 equation

A

metal carbonate + acid= salt + water + co2

42
Q

neutralisation reaction

A

acid + base = salt + water

43
Q

how does the erroding of limestone work as an equation

A

limestone is a metal carbonate which is erroded by acid, calcium carbonate plus acid is calcium chloride plus water plus carbon dioxide

44
Q

what are spectator ions

A

ions not a part of the equation

Chem gcse (15 decks)

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